铁路车辆专业英语

机车 locomotive  
机车种类 types of locomotive  
蒸汽机车 steam locomotive  
内燃机车；曾用名“柴油机车”diesel locomotive  
电力机车 electric locomotive  
燃气轮机车 gasturbine locomotive  
动车组 motor train unit；motor train set  
动车 motot car  
拖车 trailer  
铁路干线机车 railway trunk line locomotive  
工矿机车 industrial and mining locomotive  
客运机车 passenger locomotive  
货运机车 freight locomotive； goods locomotive  
调车机车 shunting locomotive； switcher  
小运转机车 locomotive for district transfer； transfer locomotive train  
路用机车 locomotive of service train； service locomotives  
配属机车 allocated locomotive  
非配属机车 un-allocated locomotive  
支配机车 disposal locomotive  
非支配机车 un-disposal locomotive  
运用机车 locomotive in operation  
检修机车 locomotive under repairing  
备用机车 locomotive in reserve  
封存机车 locomotive stored up  
待修机车 locomotive waiting for repair  
机车出租 leased locomotive  
机车报废 locomotive retirement  
机车储备 locomotive reservation；locomotive storage  
机车整备 locomotive servicing； locomotive running preparation  
机车整备能力 locomotive service capacity  
机车技术规范 locomotive technical specification
转向架中心 bogie pivot center  
转向架中心距离 distance between bogie pivot centers； bogie pivot pitch  
机车全轴距 locomotive total wheel base  
机车转向架轴距 locomotive wheel base of bogie  
机车固定轴距 locomotive rigid wheel base  
机车长度 locomotive overall length  
机车宽度 locomotive width  
机车高度 locomotive height  
机车计算重量 calcuated weight of locomotive  
机车整备重量 locomotive service weight  
机车重量 locomotive weight  
机车粘着重量 locomotive adhesive weight  
轴重转移；轴荷载转移 axle load transfer  
粘着重量利用系数 adhesive weight utility factor  
机车重量分配 weight distribution of locomotive  
轮对横动量 lateral play of wheel set  
机车噪声 locomotive noise  
热值；发热量 heat value  
机车万吨公里能耗 energy consumption per 10；000 t-km of locomotive  
机车用煤 coal for locomotive  
机车用柴油 diesel oil for locomotive  
机车用电 electricity for locomotive  
机车用换算煤 converted coal for locomotive  
标准煤 standard coal  
机车用润滑剂 lubricant for locomotive  
给水 water supply  
水鹤 water crane  
给水处理 water [supply] treatment  
炉内软水 water softened in boiler  
炉外软水 water softened out of boiler  
软水 water softened  
净水 water purified  
机务段 locomotive depot  
机车运用段 locomotive running depot  
机车检修段 locomotive repair depot  
机车折返段 locomotive turnaround depot  
列车无线电调度系统 train radio dispatching system  
机车监控记录装置 locomotive supervise and record apparatus  
机车故障 locomotive failure  
机车牵引特性 locomotive tractive characteristic  
机车效率 total locomotive efficiency  
机车轮周效率 efficiency of locomotive at wheel rim  
机车传动功率 transmission efficiency of locomotive  
机车牵引特性曲线 locomotive tractive characteristic curve  
机车轮周功率曲线 locomotive power curve at wheel rim  
机车牵引力曲线 locomotive tractive effort curve  
机车预期牵引特性曲线 predetermined tractive characteristic curve of locomotive  
机车功率 locomotive power  
轮周功率 output power at wheel rim  
比功率 power/weight ratio  
比重量 weight/power ratio  
单位体积功率 specific volume power  
机车牵引力 locomotive teractive effort  
轮周牵引力 tractive effort at wheel rim  
车钩牵引力 tractive effort at coupler； drawbar pull  
起动牵引力 stsrting tractive effort  
粘着牵引力 adhesive tractive effort  
持续牵引力 continuous tractive effort  
基本阻力 basic resistance  
运行阻力 running resistance  
惰行阻力 idle runing resistance； coasting resistance  
起动阻力 starting resistance  
附加阻力 additional resistance  
坡道阻力 gradient resistance  
曲线阻力 curve resistance  
空气阻力 air resistance  
单位阻力 unit resistance； specific resistance  
换算阻力；加算阻力 converted resistance  
速度控制系统 speed control system  
加速 acceleration  
减速 deceleration  
恒速 constant speed  
加速力 acceleration force  
减速力 deceleration force  
列车制动 train braking  
制动方式 brake mode  
空气制动 air brake  
真空制动 vacuum brake  
动力制动 dynamic brake  
液力制动 hydraulic brake  
电阻制动 rheostatic brake  
再生制动 regenerative brake  
电空制动 electropneumatic brake  
蓄能制动 energy-storing brake  
涡流制动 eddy current brake  
磁轨制动 electromagnetic rail brake  
踏面制动 tread brake  
盘型制动 disc brake  
机车制动周期 locomotive braking period  
机车制动距离 locomotive braking distance  
机车每轴闸瓦作用力 brake shoe force per axle of locomotive  
制动 braking  
常用制动 service braking； service application  
最大常用制动；常用全制动 full servive braking； full service application  
阶段制动 graduated application  
自然制动 unintended braking； undesired braking  
紧急制动 emergency braking； emergency application  
意外紧急制动 undesirable emergency braking；UDE  
缓解 release  
直接缓解；一次缓解 direct release  
阶段缓解 graduated release  
自然缓解 unintended release； undesired release  
漏泄 leakage  
充风；充气 charging  
阶段提升 graduated increasing  
保持位 suppression； maintaining position； holding position  
制动管减压量 brake pipe pressure reduction  
过量减压 over reduction  
局部减压 local reduction  
分段减压 split reduction  
最大常用减压 full servive reduction  
常用局减 quick service  
紧急局减 quick action  
前后风压差 false gradient  
列车管压差 train pipe pressure gradient  
保压停车 stopping at maintaining position  
缓解停车 stopping at release  
缓解波速 release propagation rate  
制动波速 braking propagation rate  
机车制动机 locomotive brake gear  
空气压缩机 air compressor  
调压器 pressure regulator  
给风阀 feed valve  
减压阀 reducing valve  
机车分配阀 locomotive distributing valve  
切换阀 transfer valve  
自动制动阀 automatic brake valve  
单独制动阀 independent brake valve  
滤尘止回阀 strainer check valve  
机车紧急放风阀 locomotive emergency vent valve  
高压保安阀 high pressure safety valve  
低压保安阀 low pressure safety valve  
无载起动电空阀 no-load starting electropneumatic valve  
油水分离器 oil-water separator  
总风缸 main air reservoir  
空气干燥器 air dryer  
撒砂装置 sanding device  
砂箱 sand box  
撒砂阀 sanding valve  
撒砂器 sandingsprayer  
紧急撒砂 emergency sanding  
自动撒砂 automatic sanding  
间隙效应 slack action  
L/V比值 L/V ratio  
弓**系 pantograph-contact line relation  
机车牵引区段 locomotive tractive district  
机车交路 locomotive routing  
单肩回交路 single-arm routing  
双肩回交路 double-arm routing  
半循环交路 semi-loop routing  
循环交路 loop routing  
环形交路 circular routing  
短交路 short routing  
长交路 long routing  
直通交路 through routing  
机车乘务制度 locomotive crew working system  
机车包乘制 system of assigning crew to designated locomotive  
机车轮乘制 locomotive crew pooling system  
机车随乘制 locomotive caboose crew system  
机车乘务组 locomotive crew  
司机 driver  
副司机 assisant driver  
指导司机 driver instructor  
司炉 fireman  
机车运用指标 index of locomotive operation  
机车出入段作业 preparation of locomotive for leaving and arriving at depot  
机车全周转 complete turnround of locomotive  
机车在段停留时间 detention time of locomotive at depot  
机车全周转距离 diatance of one complete turnround of locomotive

机车全周转时间 period of one complete turnround of locomotive  
机车走行公里 locomotive running kilometers  
换算走行公里 converted running kilometers  
沿线走行公里 running kilometers on the road  
辅助走行公里 auxiliary running kilometers  
本务走行公里 leading locomotive running kilometers  
单机走行公里 light locomotive running kilometers  
重联机车走行公里 multi-locomotive running kilometers  
机车日车公里 average daily locomotive running kilometers  
机车平均牵引总重 average gross weight hauled by locomotive  
机车日产量 average daily output of locomotive  
运用机车台数 number of locomotive in service  
机车需要系数 coefficient of locomotives requirment  
单机运行 light locomotive running  
双机牵引；双机重联牵引 double locomotive traction  
多机牵引 multi-locomotive traction  
主机；本务机车 leading locomotive  
机车超重牵引 traction for train exceed mass norm  
机车调度命令 locomotive diapatching order  
机务段运行揭示 running service-bulletin of depot  
司机运转保单 driver’s service-report； driver’s log  
司机室 driver’s cab  
司机操纵台 driver’s desk  
司机模拟操纵装置 simulator for driver train-handling  
优化操纵 optimum handling； optimum optimum operation  
机车自动操纵 automatic locomotive operation  
机车保养 locomotive maintenance  
机车检修 locomotive inspection and repair  
机车检修修程 classification of locomotive repair  
机车大修 locomotive overhaul [repair]； locomotive general overhaul  
架修 intermediate repair  
定修 periodical repair； light repair  
蒸汽机车洗修 steam locomotive boiler washout repair  
机车厂修 locomotive repair in works  
机车段修 locomotive repair in depot  
日常检查 routine inspection  
机车临修 locomotive temporary repair  
定期检修 repair based on time or running kilometers  
状态检修 repair based on condition of component  
换件大修 component exchange repair  
配件互换修 repair with interchangeable component  
预防维修制 preventive maintenance system  
检修周期 period of inspection and repair  
月检 monthly inspection  
定检公里 running kilometers between predetermined repairs  
定检时间 time between predetermined repairs  
检修范围 scope of repairing course； scope of repair  
超范围修理 repair beyond the scope of repairing course  
检修停时 standing time under repair  
集中化修理；集中修 centralization of repair  
检修基本技术条件 fundamental technical requirements for repair and inspection  
检修工艺规程 technological regulations for repair and inspection  
检修作业程序 repair procedure； shop program  
磨耗限度 limit of wear  
检修限度 locomotive repair limit  
第一限度 1st limit  
第二限度 2nd limit  
使用限度 operation limit  
中间工艺检验 intermediate inspection at the technological process