Venetia钻石矿由露采转为地采
![](https://public.fangzhenxiu.com/fixComment/commentContent/imgs/1702832434750_pvgv3k.jpg?imageView2/0)
Venetia 钻石矿于1992年开始采矿,2022年,该矿停止了露天开采,转向地下开采【深部露天矿边坡稳定性---迪亚维克钻石矿(Diavik Diamond Mine)】,将矿山的寿命延长了21年,直到2044年。露天矿的开采深度为450米,通过地下开采,最终的开采深度可达到1000米。露天采坑如下图所示。
![](https://public.fangzhenxiu.com/fixComment/commentContent/imgs/1702832437468_2cs4mb.jpg?imageView2/0)
Venetia矿的矿体由含钻石的金伯利岩管组成,由于受到围岩的强烈结构控制,其形状略有不规则。在Venetia,主要有三个管道被选为露天采矿的目标,即K01、K02和K03,如下图所示,但只有K01和K02将继续进行地下采矿。Venetia矿的围岩是一种叶理变质岩,经过褶皱、断裂和剪切,形成了极其复杂的侵入体。复杂性是由局部的F4褶皱、向东北倾斜的鞘状褶皱、水平的镁铁质岩墙和具有后期再活动的脆-韧剪切带所产生的。主要的岩石类型是强烈、有粘结力的岩石类型;而叶理是一种由采矿活动削弱的岩石织构,尤其是在南坡。地下矿的开拓工作始于2013年,2022年末停止了露天开采,开始进行地下开采。地下矿体主要由K01和K02组成,K01采用分段崩落法(SLC)开采,K02采用改进的分段崩落法开采。继续保持边坡的稳定是露采转为地采时的一个非常重要的考虑因素,SRK和Itasca进行了露采转地采的专项边坡稳定性研究,主要使用的分析工具为Slide3和3DEC。(2001) Probabilistic pit slope design in the Limpopo metamorphic rocks at Venetia Mine.(2001) Split shell open pit design concept applied at De Beers Venetia Mine South Africa using the Whittle and Gemcom software.(2003) Geological control on slope failure mechanisms in the open pit at the Venetia Mine.
(2006) Survey Slope Stability Monitoring: Lessons from Venetia Mine.(2011) De Beers Venetia Mine Cut 4 Slope Optimization.(2014) Design principles for optimizing an established survey slope monitoring system.(2015) Stability analyses of the K03 Pit Wedge Structure – Venetia Mine Open Pit.(2018) Footprint Finder tool for sublevel caving. (2019) 3D Fabric Analysis of Venetia Mine, South Africa: Using Structural Measurements and Implicitly-Modelled Surfaces for Improved Pit Slope Design and Risk Management.(2022) Rockfall and Reconciliation – Analysis and Reporting of a Slope Safety Critical Control, Venetia Mine.(2022) Open Pit to Underground Mining Transition Geotechnical Risk Management at Venetia Mine.(2022) Three-Dimensional Slope Stability Analysis for Late-Stage Slope Design Optimization Options Trade-off Studies at Venetia Diamond Mine.