02 FKM指南的适用范围
专注于仿真分析和振动分析
00 导读
学习一个技能或知识的原因是多样的，可能是兴趣所致，可能是恰好碰到，可能是一时冲动，可能是有人巧言推荐，也可能是有人制造了焦虑。
总存在一个更现实的原因，学习是因为需要用，简言之，学以致用。既然是为了用，那学之前当然要了解适用范围。
本文关注FKM指南的适用范围。
本文翻译自
《ANALYTICAL STRENGTH ASSESSMENT OF COMPONENTS Made of Steel, CastIron and Aluminum Materials in Mechanical Engineering》第六版，2012年。
FKM指南的首章首节说明了该指南的适用范围。放在首章首节，FKM编委大概也觉得了解适用范围是首要的。
01 Scope(英文版)
This guideline is valid for mechanical engineering and related fields. Its application shall be agreed between the contracting parties.
For mechanically stressed components, the guideline allows an analytical assessment of the static strength and of the fatigue strength, the latter in the form of an assessment of the fatigue limit,the fatigue strength for finite life or the variable amplitude fatigue strength, depending on the service stress conditions. Other analytical assessments, for example of stability, of safety against brittle fracture (for deep temperatures or pulse loads) or of deformation under load as well as experimental strength assessments are not subject of this guideline.
The guideline is valid for components of iron or aluminum materials—including cases of elevated temperatures—produced by milling, forging, casting, with or without machining, or by welding. In detail,it applies to:
– components with geometrical notches;
– components with welded joints;
– static loading;
– fatigue loading from about 10^4 constant or variable amplitude cycles onwards;
– milled and forging steel, including stainless steel, cast iron materials as well as wrought or cast aluminum alloys;
– component temperatures
from -40°C to 500°C for steel；
from -25°C to 500°C for cast iron materials；
from -25°C to 200°C for aluminum materials;
– a non-corrosive environment.
In accordance with the material standards taken into consideration, the maximum material strength is Rm=1250MPa for steel (30CrNiMo8 in accordance with EN10083-1) and 610MPa for aluminum(AlZnMgCu0,5 in accordance with EN AW-7049A).
The field of application of the algorithms in this guideline may be extended with caution to tensile strengths of Rm=1600MPa for steel. It is not yet possible to state a higher limit for aluminum.If an application of the guideline is outside the mentioned fields of application, additional specifications shall be agreed upon.
The guideline is not applicable if a strength assessment in accordance with other standards, rules or guidelines is required or if specific calculation documents are available, for example for screw connections.
It is presupposed that the components have been professionally produced with regard to design, material and workmanship,and that they are technically without fault. In particular, it is presupposed that for welded components the limit values regarding weld thickness, weld length and weld imperfections required by the relevant standards are complied with.
02 适用范围(中文版)
本指南适用于机械工程及相关领域。
本指南适用于承受机械载荷部件的静强度和疲劳强度分析评估。不适用于稳定性、脆性断裂、变形的分析评估以及实验强度评估。
本指南适用于铣削、锻造、铸造、机加工、非机加工或焊接而成的铁或铝构件（包括高温情况）。具体来说，本指南适用于:
–带几何缺口的部件；
–带焊接接头的部件；
–静载荷；
–10^4以上循环次数的恒定或变幅疲劳载荷；
–铣削和锻造钢、不锈钢、铸铁以及锻造或铸造铝合金；
–构件温度：
钢材的温度从 -40°C 到 500°C；
铸铁的温度从 -25°C 到 500°C；
铝材的温度从 -25°C 到 200°C；
–无腐蚀环境。
按照相关材料标准，本指南适用钢材的最大强度为Rm = 1250 MPa（30CrNiMo8，规范EN 10083-1），适用铝材的最大强度为 610 MPa（AlZnMgCu0,5，规范EN AW-7049A）。
本指南的适用范围可谨慎扩展至抗拉强度Rm=1600MPa的钢材，但不适用于更高强度的铝材。如果应用超出了上述范围，应附加额外规范。
如果需要根据其他标准、规则或指南进行强度评估，或已有特定的计算文件可用，例如螺钉连接。则本指南不再适用。
本指南假设构件都经过专业生产，质量合格。对于焊接构件，假设焊缝厚度、焊缝长度以及焊缝缺陷等符合相关标准要求。
03 免责声明
很容易发现软件翻译或某些人翻译的中文是明显的翻译体，意思到了，但表达很奇怪，不是地道的中文。本文努力避开翻译体。
以上翻译虽经认真完成，但不免出错，请读者海涵。
04 微评
01本指南只适用于强度评估（包含静强度和疲劳强度）。虽然屈曲评估、刚度评估等也很重要，但本指南无能为力。
02本指南只适用于评估钢材、铸铁以及铝材，当然这些是很常用的工程材料和结构材料。塑料、橡胶以及其它有色金属也是常用材料，但本指南无能为力。
03本指南要求的疲劳循环次数在10^4以上，所以本指南不适用于低周疲劳评估。
04温度对材料的力学性能有明显的影响，本指南的适用范围规定了温度。
05腐蚀环境对材料的力学性能的影响很复杂，本指南无能为力。
05 获取FKM英文版
使用搜狗引擎搜索以下两篇微 信文章之一获取FKM英文版：
1.《PDF资料分享：FKM分析强度评估（强烈推荐）》
2.《分享公 众 号文章，获取PDF资料分享：第六版FKM机械部件分析强度评估（强烈推荐）》
