论文中的中式词汇: disease(病害)和anti-dip(反倾)

1 引言

受中文表述思维和方式的影响再加上百度的机器翻译, 我们写的论文经常带有鲜明的中文语言特色, 这导致了不需要看署名就知道论文作者来自国内. 例如, 如果遇到the development of XXXX is a new attempt, 或者this research is a new attempt的句式; a novel (new) model on YYYY句式; 或者论文的题目超过13个words, 大概率情况下论文的作者肯定来自国内. 甚至从一些带有鲜明中文特色的词汇也能立即判断出论文作者来自国内. 声明: 以下讨论对论文的研究内容以及论文作者没有任何偏见和意见, 我们讨论的是语言问题.    

2 Disease(病害)

在<边坡工程>课程结束时, 作为课程作业的一部分, 要求学生们在网上查询3篇与课程相关的论文. 当检查这些提交的论文时, 发现了部分论文含有disease这个词, 一开始挺纳闷, 岩土工程的论文怎么会出现医学术语, 后来仔细看了一下, 才发现论文作者想表达的是"病害",用来描述地质灾害或构件缺陷等. 于是查了GeotechSet数据集, 看看这个数据集中是否也包含disease这个词. 这些查询结果来自于不同作者的论文. 显然, 使用disease是错误的, 正确的词汇应该是hazard, 描述大的地质灾害时也可以使用disaster. 出现这个错误的原因可能是论文作者们过分地依赖于百度翻译.

(1) Construction Technology in Cracking Disease Section of Hei-kou Tunnel

(2) No matter how the temperature changes, it makes ballast distributed uneven, which will cause all kinds of diseases such as rail vertical irregularity.

(3) The high red bed accumulation slope is a particular type in red beds areas that widely spreads in China. The red bed accumulation is of low intensity and poor engineering property, which can easily cause engineering disease. 

(4) The treatment technique of dynamic analysis of highway slope diseases under complicated geological conditions of high temperature and rainy area.

(5) In addition, this paper also puts forward a specific proposal for the prevention and treatment of the type of expressway slope diseases.

(6) Rutting has always been considered the main disease in asphalt pavement. Dealing with rutting disease would be benefitted by understanding the formation of rutting and testing the rutting performance of mixtures more reasonably. 

3 Anti-Dip(反倾)

有趣的是, 在检查diaease时顺带发现了另一个词汇Anti-dip, 论文作者想表达的是岩体的反倾结构,但这个词绝对是中国学者自己创造的词汇, 正确的表达应该用toppling. 

在GeotechSet数据集中检查发现了大量的包含anti-dip的论文, 这些论文无一例外, 均来自中国内地的高校. 下面列出的是包含这个词的部分论文题目:

(1) Seismic Response of the Stratified Anti-dip Rock Slope

(2) Stability analysis of anti-dip bedding rock slopes locally reinforced by rock bolts

(3) Study of Excavation Stability and Treatment Measures of the Side Slope of Anti-Dip Bedding Highway

(4) Analysis of an anti-dip landslide triggered by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China

(5) Seismic wave propagation characteristic and its effects on the failure of steep jointed anti-dip rock slope

(6) A case study integrating numerical simulation and GB-InSAR monitoring to analyze flexural toppling of an anti-dip slope in Fushun open pit

(7) A New Calculation Method to Flexural Toppling Failure of Anti-dipped Rock Slope

(8) Local failure probability of the anti-dip slope susceptible to flexural toppling

(9) Process Analysis of Toppling Failure on Anti-dip Rock Slopes Under Seismic Load in Southwest China

(10) Research on the safe mining depth of anti-dip bedding slope in Changshanhao Mine

边坡工程---岩体边坡的破坏模式