屈曲倾倒破坏(flexural toppling failure)
1 引言
倾倒破坏(Toppling Failure) 是一组平行的节理朝着边坡方向发生的破坏。按照Goodman and Bray (1976)的分类, 倾倒破坏分为三种形式: (a) Block Toppling; (b) Flexural toppling; (c) Block flexure toppling. 其中屈曲倾倒破坏(flexural toppling failure) 是破坏性最大的一种模式, 多年来研究者们通过相似材料试验和数值模拟试验进行了大量研究. 这个笔记简要回顾了GeotechSet中的屈曲倾倒破坏研究, 索引文件保存在flexural toppling failure.txt.
2 屈曲倾倒破坏的分析方法
Wyllie (2018)对倾倒破坏从相似材料试验到数值模拟作了非常详细的总结. 极限平衡方法不能用于这种破坏模式. 文献资料显示, 屈曲倾倒破坏的分析方法包括UDEC，RocTopple, PFC, Slope Model等。
3 Slope Model
Slope Model采用了SRM技术, SRM允许节理滑动和张开以及完整岩石的断裂。这种分析方法从用户指定的DFN得出的节理形状，然后对节理网络内的非稳态流体流动和压力进行模拟，地下水可以在节理和岩石中流动，当新的裂缝形成时，流动网络也会自动扩展。(lattice-spring.txt)
4 参考文献
[1] Duncan C. Wyllie (2018) Rock Slope Engineering Civil Applications. Fifth Edition. 621p. (pdf)
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[13] Pinheiro, A. L., et al. (2015). "Use of the distinct element method to study flexural toppling at the Pico Mine, Brazil." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 74(4): 1177-1186.
[14] Zhang, G. C., et al. (2018). "New stability calculation method for rock slopes subject to flexural toppling failure." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 106: 319-328.
[15] Zheng, Y., et al. (2018). "Study on the mechanisms of flexural toppling failure in anti-inclined rock slopes using numerical and limit equilibrium models." Engineering Geology 237: 116-128.
[16] Lian, J. J., et al. (2018) "A Numerical Study on Toppling Failure of a Jointed Rock Slope by Using the Distinct Lattice Spring Model." Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 51(2): 513-530.
[17] Alzo'ubi, A. K., et al. (2010). "Influence of tensile strength on toppling failure in centrifuge tests." International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences 47(6): 974-982.
[18] Pinheiro, A. L., et al. (2015). "Use of the distinct element method to study flexural toppling at the Pico Mine, Brazil." Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment 74(4): 1177-1186.
[19] Su, L. J., et al. (2017) "A New Calculation Method to Flexural Toppling Failure of Anti-dipped Rock Slope." Advancing Culture of Living with Landslides, Vol 4: Diversity of Landslide Forms: 483-488.
相关文章，在仿真秀官网搜索：
边坡工程---岩体边坡的破坏模式
岩土边坡的破坏类型(C3)(Failure types of slope)
网格-弹簧(Lattice-Spring-Based)方法
耦合的网格/离散单元法模拟岩石粘结块体
合成岩体模拟[Synthetic Rock Mass (SRM) modeling]
