【新文速递】2025年4月27日复合材料SCI期刊最新文章

 

今日更新：Composite Structures 4 篇，Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2 篇，Composites Part B: Engineering 2 篇，Composites Science and Technology 4 篇

Composite Structures

Regularisation in Direct FE 2 multiscale modelling of fused-filament fabricated parts

Rahul Singh Dhari, Wayne Hall, Stefanie Feih, Zia Javanbakht

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119180

熔断丝制件的directfe2多尺度建模中的正则化

This study investigated regularisation methods in Direct FE 2 failure analysis of fused-filament fabricated (FFF) parts modeled as fibre-reinforced composites. Direct FE 2 technique offers simplicity with moderate computational cost by incorporating microstructural variations of FFF parts into macroscopic constitutive behavior. Nevertheless, loss of positive-definiteness in tangent stiffness matrix at structural level occurs due to strain localisation and softening behaviour at material level. Further numerical complexity is added when element deletion technique (EDT) is employed; an aspect which remains unexplored for Direct FE 2 . Three regularisation methods (fracture energy, viscous, and combined) were implemented in Direct FE 2 analyses with EDT to evaluate their performance in predicting stiffness, strength, and deformation modes in FFF parts made of poly(lactic) acid with varying ductility. The results of Direct FE 2 numerical analyses were compared to regular FE predictions and experimental tensile samples manufactured with different raster angles. While unregularised Direct FE 2 simulations suffered from convergence issues, the regularisation method influenced the predicted failure mechanism. The combined regularisation approach was most effective in predicting ductile (0°) and moderately-ductile (mixed-mode, 45°) behaviour whereas fracture energy approach was best-suited for brittle failures (90°). The viscous regularisation tended to initiate EDT prematurely while combined regularisation provided more realistic depiction of microstructural deterioration.

本文研究了纤维增强复合材料熔丝制造（FFF）部件的直接FE - 2失效分析的正则化方法。直接fe2技术通过将FFF零件的微观结构变化纳入宏观本构行为，提供了简单和适度的计算成本。然而，由于应变局部化和材料层面的软化行为，结构层面的切向刚度矩阵的正确定性丧失。采用元素删除技术（EDT）增加了数值复杂度；这是《Direct FE 2》尚未探索的一个方面。在EDT的Direct fe2分析中，采用了三种正则化方法（断裂能、粘性和组合）来评估它们在预测具有不同延性的聚乳酸FFF部件的刚度、强度和变形模式方面的性能。将Direct fe2数值分析结果与常规有限元预测结果和不同光栅角度的实验拉伸样品进行了比较。虽然非正则化的直接fe2模拟存在收敛问题，但正则化方法影响了预测的失效机制。组合正则化方法在预测延性（0°）和中等延性（混合模式，45°）行为时最有效，而断裂能方法最适合脆性破坏（90°）。粘性正则化倾向于过早地启动EDT，而组合正则化提供了更真实的微观组织恶化描述。

Damage evolution in fiber-reinforced polymers under high and very high cycle fatigue using AI-assisted computed tomography analysis

Ramon Helwing, Frank Walther

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119218

利用人工智能辅助计算机断层扫描分析纤维增强聚合物在高周疲劳和甚高周疲劳下的损伤演化

The fatigue behavior of fiber reinforced polymers (FRPs), especially in the very high cycle fatigue (VHCF) regime, remains underexplored. This study compares damage progression in the high cycle fatigue (HCF) and VHCF regimes under axial loading. VHCF tests were conducted using a 1 kHz resonant system, while HCF tests were conducted using a 4.8 Hz servo-hydraulic system. Damage analysis was performed using micro-computed tomography (μCT) and U-Net-based deep learning segmentation to obtain robust Dice scores for interfiber failure, matrix cracking, and delamination. This approach effectively automated damage detection and provided detailed insight into defect density and damage mechanisms. Substantial differences were observed between HCF and VHCF. HCF exhibited pronounced edge effects with damage concentrated along laminate edges, particularly in 90°/0° plies, which became more uniform with fatigue progression. VHCF exhibited less damage accumulation, fewer matrix cracks, and minimal edge effects. The absence of edge effects in VHCF suggests that reducing the cross-sectional area of the specimen could improve test efficiency and allow for higher test frequencies. These results improve the understanding of FRP fatigue behavior and inform design strategies for durable components in critical applications.

纤维增强聚合物（frp）的疲劳行为，特别是在甚高周疲劳（VHCF）状态下，仍未得到充分研究。本研究比较了轴向载荷下高周疲劳（HCF）和高周疲劳（VHCF）状态下的损伤进展。VHCF试验采用1 kHz谐振系统进行，HCF试验采用4.8 Hz伺服液压系统进行。使用微计算机断层扫描（μCT）和基于u - net的深度学习分割进行损伤分析，以获得纤维间故障、基质开裂和分层的鲁棒Dice评分。这种方法有效地自动化了损伤检测，并提供了对缺陷密度和损伤机制的详细了解。HCF和VHCF之间存在显著差异。HCF表现出明显的边缘效应，损伤集中在层合边缘，特别是在90°/0°层合中，随着疲劳的进展，损伤变得更加均匀。VHCF表现出较少的损伤积累、较少的基体裂纹和最小的边缘效应。在VHCF中没有边缘效应，这表明减小试样的横截面积可以提高测试效率，并允许更高的测试频率。这些结果提高了对FRP疲劳行为的理解，并为关键应用中耐用部件的设计策略提供了信息。

Constitutive modelling of time-dependent polymer matrix composites: Incorporating a visco-hyperelastic model into the micromechanical framework

Wenlong Li, Shiyu Wu, Jianguo Zhu, Lili Zhang, Jing Zheng, Haojing Wang, Yaping Qiu, Guihua Xie, Cheng Li

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119220

时变聚合物基复合材料的本构建模：将粘-超弹性模型纳入微力学框架

Accurately modelling the stress–strain response of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composites (CFRPs) at high strain rates remains challenging due to the nonlinear time-dependent behavior of the polymer matrix. In this work, we develop and validate a new micromechanics-based constitutive model that, for the first time, integrates a single-relaxing-component visco-hyperelastic formulation, also called internal state variable model, into the method of cells (MoC). To account for the effects of shear stress concentration at the fiber–matrix interface, a scaling parameter is introduced in the matrix overstress term. For brittle thermoset matrices, a degraded pseudo tensile yield stress is implemented to represent interface de-bonding during the early loading stage. To capture the pronounced nonlinear stress–strain characteristics of CFRPs, a monotonically increasing resistant stress term is employed in the matrix flow rule. The proposed model successfully predicts the off-axis tensile responses at various strain rates for three kinds of composites, including both thermoplastic and thermoset matrix composites, with carbon fiber moduli ranging from 200 GPa to 300 GPa. This favourable validation indicates that a more comprehensive visco-hyperelastic formulation with multiple relaxing components for the polymer matrix can be readily incorporated into the current framework, thus enabling accurate predictions for CFRPs at higher strain rates.

由于聚合物基体的非线性时变特性，在高应变率下准确建模碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料（CFRPs）的应力应变响应仍然具有挑战性。在这项工作中，我们开发并验证了一种新的基于微观力学的本构模型，该模型首次将单松弛组分粘超弹性公式（也称为内部状态变量模型）集成到单元法（MoC）中。为了考虑纤维-基体界面处剪应力集中的影响，在基体超应力项中引入了一个标度参数。对于脆性热固性基体，采用退化的伪拉伸屈服应力来表示加载早期的界面脱键。为了捕捉碳纤维材料明显的非线性应力-应变特性，在基体流动规则中采用单调递增的抗力项。该模型成功地预测了三种复合材料（包括热塑性和热固性基复合材料）在不同应变速率下的离轴拉伸响应，碳纤维模量范围为200 GPa至300 GPa。这一有利的验证表明，具有聚合物基体多个松弛组分的更全面的粘超弹性配方可以很容易地结合到当前的框架中，从而能够在更高应变速率下准确预测cfrp。

Multi-scale modelling of 2D woven composites accounting for in-plane shear

Meng yi Song, Adam J. Thompson, Bassam El Said, Stephen R. Hallett

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119165

考虑面内剪切的二维编织复合材料多尺度建模

Components manufactured from 2D textile composites often exhibit spatial variations in properties when formed into 3D shapes, particularly in areas of high double curvature where the textile must shear to conform to the geometry. During in-plane shear, the fibres rotate away from their default orthogonal positions in a non-linear process driven by contacts and friction, consequently altering the material’s anisotropic behaviour. To address this, a novel automated workflow that integrates advanced process modelling with high-fidelity structural analysis has been developed. By employing a multi-scale approach, this workflow enables the effects of tow deformations caused by manufacturing processes to be realised at the component level, improving the accuracy of component structural models. Homogenised material properties are extracted from pre-sheared meso-scale RVE models with realistic deformed geometries for use in macro-scale component-level models, while also accounting for RVE rotation.

由2D纺织复合材料制成的部件在形成3D形状时，通常会表现出性能的空间变化，特别是在高双曲率区域，纺织品必须剪切以符合几何形状。在面内剪切过程中，由接触和摩擦驱动的非线性过程中，纤维从其默认的正交位置旋转，从而改变了材料的各向异性行为。为了解决这个问题，开发了一种新的自动化工作流，该工作流集成了先进的过程建模和高保真结构分析。通过采用多尺度方法，该工作流程可以在组件级别实现由制造过程引起的两个变形的影响，从而提高组件结构模型的准确性。均质材料属性是从预剪切的中尺度RVE模型中提取出来的，具有逼真的变形几何形状，可用于宏观尺度组件级模型，同时也考虑了RVE旋转。

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Enhanced mechanical properties of CF/PEEK and CF/Epoxy composites with micro-/nano- Aramid Pulp interleaves

Mingxin Ye, Fankai Lin, Yunsen Hu, Xiaozhi Hu

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108964

微/纳米芳纶浆料交织织物增强CF/PEEK和CF/环氧复合材料的力学性能

Carbon fiber-reinforced polyetheretherketone (CF/PEEK) composites with excellent biomedical properties have been used clinically for bioimplants, but mechanical failure due to delamination remains a concern. This study explores the use of micro-/nano- Aramid Pulp (AP) fibers to enhance the delamination toughness of CF/PEEK composites. Furthermore, AP-interfacial toughened CF/PEEK composites are compared with common carbon fiber-reinforced epoxy (CF/Epoxy) composites. The findings revealed that AP toughening increased the compressive strength of CF/PEEK composites by 41%, improved flexural-after-impact (FAI) strength by 19%, and reduced the rear surface delamination area by 51 %. It was also found that the flexural failure of CF/PEEK composites is initiated from the tensile surface, in contrast to CF/Epoxy composites, which undergo initial delamination and micro-buckling in the compression region. Additionally, AP-interfacial toughening has effectively eliminated top surface compressive cracks in CF/PEEK composites under flexural conditions despite its tension-driven failure mechanism. Consequently, besides the comparison of CF/PEEK and CF/Epoxy composites, this study provides valuable insights into minimizing mechanical failures of CF/PEEK implants in patients, where delamination is a major contributing factor.

碳纤维增强聚醚醚酮（CF/PEEK）复合材料具有优异的生物医学性能，已被临床用于生物植入物，但由于分层引起的机械故障仍然是一个问题。本研究探讨了微/纳米芳纶浆（AP）纤维对CF/PEEK复合材料分层韧性的增强作用。并将ap界面增韧的CF/PEEK复合材料与普通碳纤维增强环氧树脂（CF/ epoxy）复合材料进行了比较。研究结果表明，AP增韧使CF/PEEK复合材料的抗压强度提高了41%，冲击后弯曲强度提高了19%，后表面分层面积减少了51% %。研究还发现，CF/PEEK复合材料的弯曲破坏是从拉伸面开始的，而CF/环氧复合材料在压缩区经历了初始分层和微屈曲。此外，ap界面增韧有效地消除了CF/PEEK复合材料在弯曲条件下的顶表面压缩裂纹，尽管其破坏机制是拉伸驱动的。因此，除了CF/PEEK和CF/环氧树脂复合材料的比较外，本研究还为减少CF/PEEK植入物在患者中的机械故障提供了有价值的见解，其中分层是主要因素。

Multifunctional bioactive glass fiber reinforced composite scaffolds: A “four-in-one” approach for adjuvant therapy in tumor-derived bone defects

Jiafei Gu, Yunzhongze Hu, Saihua Li, Xiaoye Cong, Ping Cui, Xiaosu Yi, Xiaoling Liu

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108987

多功能生物活性玻璃纤维增强复合材料支架：肿瘤源性骨缺损辅助治疗的“四位一体”方法

After bone tumor resection, preventing recurrence and reconstructing bone defects pose significant challenges. Conventional adjuvant therapies, including chemotherapy and radiotherapy, may prevent tumor recurrence but come with substantial side effects and do not contribute to bone repair. Herein, multifunctional composite scaffolds, modified with phosphate glass fiber (PGF), were prepared using 3D printing for photothermal tumor eradication and bone regeneration. These composite scaffolds exhibited excellent photothermal performance and could effectively kill tumor cells. The photothermal performance was derived from the integration of PGF and could be controlled by PGF content and laser power density. PGF acted as reinforcement and enhanced the mechanical properties of these scaffolds. Furthermore, the scaffolds degraded gradually, accompanied by the release of bioactive ions, promoting the proliferation of bone cells. Overall, these multifunctional composite scaffolds achieved a “four-in-one” function of photothermal anti-tumor, bone repair promotion, spontaneous degradation, and mechanical support, advancing implanted biomaterials for tumor-derived bone defects.

骨肿瘤切除后，预防复发和骨缺损的重建是一个重大挑战。传统的辅助治疗，包括化疗和放疗，可以防止肿瘤复发，但有很大的副作用，并不能促进骨修复。本文采用3D打印技术制备了磷酸盐玻璃纤维（PGF）改性的多功能复合支架，用于光热肿瘤根除和骨再生。这些复合支架具有良好的光热性能，能有效杀伤肿瘤细胞。光热性能来源于PGF的积分，可由PGF含量和激光功率密度控制。PGF作为增强剂，增强了支架的力学性能。此外，支架逐渐降解，伴随着生物活性离子的释放，促进骨细胞的增殖。综上所述，这些多功能复合支架实现了光热抗肿瘤、促进骨修复、自发降解和机械支持“四位一体”的功能，推动了肿瘤源性骨缺损植入生物材料的发展。

Composites Part B: Engineering

Developing a bio-based, continuous fibre reinforcement to push the impact energy limits of engineered wood in structural applications

Bernhard Ungerer, Philipp Matz, Florian Kupelwieser, Hajir Al-Musawi, Gabriel Praxmarer, Stefan Hartmann, Ulrich Müller

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112536

 

开发一种基于生物的连续纤维增强材料，以推动工程木材在结构应用中的冲击能量极限

Laminated birch veneers were reinforced with a layer of unidirectional, continuous filaments for an investigation on the potential increase in fracture toughness. By proposing a new type of reinforcement based on regenerated cellulose filaments, an alternative for conventional glass fibres was introduced featuring a reduction in carbon footprint and enabling a circularity perspective in combination with engineered wood. Impact bending tests based on ISO179-1/2 were performed to assess the mechanical potential of such a novel reinforcement. Two sources of fibre reinforcement were considered for a comparison; glass fibres (E-glass) and high-tenacity viscose filaments. Based on biomimetic considerations, structural features such as yarn twist and a partial impregnation of the yarn were implemented to foster a tough composite failure. A Finite Element (FE) model was proposed to describe the effect of cellulosic reinforcements under dynamic loading, considering the impregnation with different adhesive systems. The results indicated a strong influence of the fibre impregnation. With a mean impact strength of 38.6kJ/m2 cellulose filaments impregnated with epoxy showed only a moderate improvement compared to 34.7kJ/m2 for non-reinforced wood. When impregnated with an emulsion polymer isocyanate, impact strength more than doubled to 88.9kJ/m2. This was traced back to the partial impregnation of the yarn cross-section. A comparison of the FE simulation with the experimental data showed consistency in the failure behaviour and the quantitative effect of reinforcement. This novel reinforcing approach and its underlying model demonstrated a considerable progress in increasing the crash-safety of wood by means of a bio-based and easily applicable solution.

用一层单向连续长丝对桦木单板进行强化，以研究其断裂韧性的潜在提高。通过提出一种基于再生纤维素长丝的新型增强材料，引入了传统玻璃纤维的替代品，其特点是减少了碳足迹，并与工程木材相结合，实现了圆形视角。根据ISO179-1/2进行了冲击弯曲试验，以评估这种新型钢筋的机械潜力。为了进行比较，考虑了两种纤维增强来源；玻璃纤维（E-glass）和高强粘胶长丝。基于仿生学的考虑，采用纱线捻度和部分浸渍等结构特征来培养坚韧的复合材料失效。考虑不同粘结体系的浸渍，建立了纤维素增强材料在动载荷作用下的有限元模型。结果表明，纤维浸渍对其影响较大。纤维素纤维的平均冲击强度为38.6kJ/m2，与未增强木材的34.7kJ/m2相比，环氧树脂浸渍的纤维强度只有适度的提高。当用乳液聚合物异氰酸酯浸渍时，冲击强度增加了一倍以上，达到88.9kJ/m2。这可以追溯到纱线截面的部分浸渍。有限元模拟与试验数据的比较表明，在破坏行为和定量加固效果上是一致的。这种新颖的加固方法及其基础模型表明，通过生物基和易于应用的解决方案，在提高木材的碰撞安全性方面取得了相当大的进展。

Difference in Initial Capacity Loss between Single-Crystal and Polycrystalline Ni-Rich Layered Cathodes

Jeongwoo Lee, Seongeun Lee, Minji Kim, Jae-Uk Kim, Minsun Kong, Dae Beom Lee, Won-Sub Yoon

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112563

 

单晶和多晶富镍层状阴极初始容量损失的差异

Ni-rich layered cathodes are promising candidates for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, they experience substantial initial capacity loss (ICL) of 10–20% during the first cycle. Single-crystal materials particularly exhibit even greater ICL than polycrystalline materials. This increased ICL poses significant challenges as it directly reduces overall capacity and efficiency. Despite its importance, the pronounced ICL in single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes remains underexplored, as most studies have focused on polycrystalline materials. Here, we elucidate the difference in ICL between single-crystal LiNi0.90Co0.08Al0.02O2 (S-NCA) and polycrystalline LiNi0.90Co0.08Al0.02O2 (P-NCA). Electrochemical analyses reveal that S-NCA exhibits lower discharge capacity due to the absence of a kinetic plateau near the 3.5 V region. Furthermore, it presents higher proportions of both recoverable and irrecoverable ICL. X-ray analyses further demonstrate that S-NCA contains more residual lithium compounds and NiO-like rock-salt phases on its surface. It also has longer Li+ diffusion pathways due to its larger particle size. These features hinder lithium insertion and increase recoverable ICL. Additionally, greater cation mixing in the bulk of S-NCA induces irreversible structural changes, contributing to both irrecoverable and recoverable ICL. This comprehensive understanding of mechanisms underlying the intensified ICL in S-NCA provides valuable insights for designing high-capacity, stable Ni-rich cathodes.

富镍层状阴极是高能量密度锂离子电池（LIBs）的理想材料。然而，在第一个循环中，它们会经历10-20%的初始容量损失（ICL）。单晶材料比多晶材料表现出更大的ICL。ICL的增加带来了重大挑战，因为它直接降低了总体容量和效率。尽管它很重要，但由于大多数研究都集中在多晶材料上，单晶富镍阴极中明显的ICL仍未得到充分探索。在这里，我们阐明了单晶lini0.90 co0.08 al0.020 o2 （S-NCA）和多晶lini0.90 co0.08 al0.020 o2 （P-NCA）之间的ICL差异。电化学分析表明，由于在3.5 V附近没有动力学平台，S-NCA表现出较低的放电容量。此外，可恢复性ICL和不可恢复性ICL的比例都较高。x射线分析进一步表明，S-NCA表面含有更多的残余锂化合物和类镍岩盐相。由于其粒径较大，Li+的扩散路径也较长。这些特点阻碍了锂的插入，增加了可回收的ICL。此外，S-NCA中较大的阳离子混合会引起不可逆的结构变化，从而导致不可恢复和可恢复的ICL。对S-NCA中强化ICL机制的全面理解为设计高容量、稳定的富镍阴极提供了有价值的见解。

Composites Science and Technology

Cartilage-inspiration for Constructing Photothermal-driven, Weather-resistant, Self-healing and Long-term Anti-corrosion Dual-layer Coating

Weixiang Xu, Hao Liu, Aihua Tang, Jia Jiang, Zewen Wu, Hanzhong Ren, Rong Jia, Yiting Xu, Birong Zeng, Conghui Yuan, Lizong Dai

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111207

 

构建光热驱动、耐候性、自修复和长期抗腐蚀双层涂层的软骨灵感

The economic and social damages caused by steel corrosion are enormous, and the development of efficient and long-term anti-corrosion coatings has become a key challenge. The aim of this study was to develop a novel, photothermal self-repairing, intelligent, weather resistance, and anti-corrosion composite coating. In this study, cartilage-inspired tannic acid (TA)-modified MXene multifunctional filler (MT) was prepared by a hydrothermal method and combined with self-repairing polyurethane (PU-SS-Salen-Ni) to form a topcoat, while epoxy resin (901) was selected as the primer. The network structure of MT endowed the polyurethane with highly efficient photo-thermal conversion ability, which could increase the local temperature of the material to more than 80°C within 60s. It also gives the coating excellent weathering resistance. Thanks to the synergistic effect of the active anticorrosive properties of MXene, the passive anticorrosive effect of tannic acid, and the self-healing polyurethane epoxy double-layer coating on the substrate, the composites exhibited excellent anticorrosive properties (|Z|f=0.01Hz >1 × 1011 Ω·cm2) after 180 days of immersion in 3.5% NaCl solution. Therefore, the present work successfully realized polyurethane materials with active/passive corrosion protection and self-healing functions through MT networks, and innovatively introduced and studied the organic double-layer coating structure, which provides a new solution in the field of corrosion prevention, weathering, and photo-thermal conversion self-healing.

钢铁腐蚀造成的经济和社会损失是巨大的，开发高效、长效的防腐涂料已成为一项关键挑战。本研究的目的是开发一种新型的、光热自修复的、智能的、耐候性的、防腐蚀的复合涂层。本研究采用水热法制备了软骨型单宁酸（TA）改性MXene多功能填料（MT），并与自修复聚氨酯（PU-SS-Salen-Ni）结合形成面漆，底漆选用环氧树脂（901）。MT的网状结构赋予了聚氨酯高效的光热转化能力，可以在60秒内将材料的局部温度提高到80℃以上。它还使涂层具有优异的耐风化性。由于MXene的主动防腐性能、单宁酸的被动防腐性能和基材上自愈性聚氨酯环氧双层涂层的协同作用，复合材料在3.5% NaCl溶液中浸泡180 d后，表现出优异的防腐性能（|Z|f=0.01Hz >1 × 1011 Ω·cm2）。因此，本工作通过MT网络成功实现了具有主动/被动防腐和自愈功能的聚氨酯材料，并创新性地引入和研究了有机双层涂层结构，为防腐、风化、光热转换自愈等领域提供了新的解决方案。

Biomimetic, mechanically strong silk fibroin/aramid nanofiber composite as piezoresistive sensor with excellent sensitivity and anti-liquid-interfering properties

Shun Linghu, Shiqiang Chen, Junyin Cheng, Tao Wang, Yufan Bu, Peng Wang, Lei Chen

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111206

 

仿生、机械强韧的丝素/芳纶纳米纤维复合材料作为压阻传感器，具有优异的灵敏度和抗液体干扰性能

Wearable sensor devices with sustainability, comfortability, advancement and versatility are increasingly in demand. Silk fibroin (SF)-based sensor devices are promising candidates due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and low manufacturing cost. However, the existing SF-based sensor devices are difficult to achieve the excellent mechanical properties, high conductivity and anti-liquid-interfering properties. Aramid nanofibers (ANFs) with a high aspect ratio and excellent mechanical properties are usually served as the stiff segments to fabricate high-performance composites. Nevertheless, ANFs dispersion prepared via deprotonation exhibit high sensitivity to water, along with long preparation time (one week), limiting its practical applicability. Herein, inspired by the extraordinary mechanical properties of natural soft tissues, the silk fibroin/aramid nanofibers (SF/ANFs) composites were fabricated by the biomimetic hybridization between the SF and water-dispersible ANFs. The SF/ANFs composites showed higher mechanical properties than that of other previously reported SF-based composites, which were further modified with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and fluorocarbon (FC) resin to facilitate the integration of conductivity and hydrophobicity. As a result, the flexible and conductive SF/ANFs/Au@FC composite as piezoresistive sensor exhibited excellent sensitivity, broad pressure detection interval and anti-liquid interfering properties. This work presented a simple and time-saving procedure to prepare the water-dispersible ANFs, opening up new possibilities for hybridization with water-soluble materials. The mechanistic insights and manufacturability provided by the composite and sensor might present further opportunities for materials design and technological innovation.

具有可持续性、舒适性、先进性和多功能性的可穿戴传感器设备越来越受到人们的青睐。基于丝素蛋白（SF）的传感器器件因其生物相容性、生物可降解性和低 制造成本而具有广阔的应用前景。然而，现有的基于sf的传感器器件难以实现优异的机械性能、高导电性和抗液体干扰性能。芳纶纳米纤维具有高纵横比和优异的力学性能，是制备高性能复合材料的常用硬段材料。然而，通过去质子化制备的ANFs分散体对水的敏感性高，制备时间长（一周），限制了其实际应用。本文以天然软组织优异的力学性能为灵感，将丝素/芳纶纳米纤维与水分散的丝素/芳纶纳米纤维进行仿生杂交制备丝素/芳纶纳米纤维复合材料。SF/ANFs复合材料的力学性能高于其他先前报道的SF基复合材料，这些复合材料进一步用金纳米粒子（Au NPs）和氟碳（FC）树脂进行改性，以促进导电性和疏水性的结合。结果表明，柔性导电SF/ANFs/Au@FC复合材料作为压阻式传感器具有优异的灵敏度、较宽的压力检测间隔和抗液体干扰性能。本工作提出了一种简单、省时的制备水分散ANFs的方法，为与水溶性材料杂交开辟了新的可能性。复合材料和传感器提供的机械洞察力和可制造性可能为材料设计和技术创新提供进一步的机会。

Process modeling and deformation prediction of 3D printed continuous fiber-reinforced composites based on in-situ micro-scale measuring

Shiping Ouyang, Dongsheng Li, Weijun Zhu, Long Fu, Zhikun Zhang, Ning Wang, Quan Zhi

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111209

 

基于原位微尺度测量的3D打印连续纤维增强复合材料过程建模与变形预测

3D printing of continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTPCs) is a promising manufacturing technology. However, deformation caused by the release of residual stresses in printed parts remains unavoidable, and there is a lack of accurate and comprehensive measurements or models addressing the microscopic factors behind their formation. This paper presents in-situ measurements of process parameters related to residual stress formation, including temperature gradients, printing force fields, and deformation of printed samples. As temperature is a key factor contributing to residual stresses, this study introduces an in-situ micro-scale characterization method for the printing temperature field using temperature-sensitive prepreg filaments. The method enables accurate measurement of the full life cycle temperature data across different microscopic regions of the prepreg filament during printing. Using the measured data, including temperature, printing pressure, and tension force, this paper proposes a multi-scale process modeling method referred to as the “extrusion process-printing process combination”. This model simulates the temperature field distribution during the extrusion process, as well as the residual stress and deformation during the printing process. Simulation results were validated by experiments, with an error margin of less than 5%. Using this model, the preliminary process optimization for reducing the residual stress was carried out. In addition, the effects of various process parameters on the temperature gradient during printing and the deformation of printed samples were analyzed. The results show that by optimizing the printing process, it is expected to reduce the generation of residual stresses in composite printed products.

3D打印连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料（cfrtpc）是一种很有前途的制造技术。然而，打印部件中残余应力释放引起的变形仍然是不可避免的，并且缺乏精确和全面的测量或模型来解决其形成背后的微观因素。本文介绍了与残余应力形成有关的工艺参数的原位测量，包括温度梯度、印刷力场和印刷样品的变形。由于温度是产生残余应力的关键因素，本研究介绍了一种利用温度敏感预浸丝对打印温度场进行原位微尺度表征的方法。该方法能够在印刷过程中精确测量预浸丝不同微观区域的全生命周期温度数据。利用实测数据，包括温度、印刷压力和张力，本文提出了一种多尺度的过程建模方法，称为“挤压过程-印刷过程组合”。该模型模拟了挤出过程中的温度场分布，以及打印过程中的残余应力和变形。仿真结果经实验验证，误差小于5%。利用该模型进行了降低残余应力的初步工艺优化。此外，还分析了不同工艺参数对打印过程温度梯度和打印样品变形的影响。结果表明，通过优化印刷工艺，有望减少复合材料印刷产品中残余应力的产生。

MXene Triggered Double Conductive Mechanism Hydrogels for Strain Sensing with Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Performance

Haofei Sima, Bo Liu, Jingshi Liang, Xiaolin Shi, Chunling Zhang

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111210

 

具有电磁干扰屏蔽性能的MXene触发双导电机制应变传感水凝胶

Highly conductive and super-tough acrylamide hydrogels are essential for the development of flexible electronics. However, the inherent electrical and mechanical deficiencies of polyacrylamide (PAM) impede their utilization in flexible electronics. To address this challenge, a novel double-crosslinking method for rapid gelation based on an MXene-initiated poly (acrylamide/vinylimidazole) (MPAV) system is presented in this paper. MXene rapidly initiated the copolymerization of acrylamide with ionic liquids and acted as a physical cross-linking point for dynamic and reversible physical interactions with the polymer chains. The copolymerization of ionic liquids solved the problem of MXene aggregation in the medium and enabled the ionic conductivity mechanism of directional movement of free ions inside the MPAV hydrogel. MPAV hydrogels exhibited high electrical conductivity (2.28 S/m), excellent electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency (SEt > 35 dB), and sensitive strain sensing properties (maximum gauge factor: 14.69 and maximum sensitivity: 0.124 kPa-1). The well-designed MPAV double crosslinked hydrogel also displays remarkable mechanical properties (elongation: 457% and compressibility: 80%) and self-healing capabilities.

高导电性和超韧性的丙烯酰胺水凝胶对于柔性电子产品的发展至关重要。然而，聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）固有的电气和机械缺陷阻碍了其在柔性电子产品中的应用。为了解决这一挑战，本文提出了一种基于mxene引发的聚丙烯酰胺/乙烯咪唑（MPAV）体系的新型双交联快速凝胶化方法。MXene迅速引发了丙烯酰胺与离子液体的共聚，并作为与聚合物链进行动态和可逆物理相互作用的物理交联点。离子液体的共聚解决了MXene在介质中的聚集问题，实现了自由离子在MPAV水凝胶内部定向运动的离子电导率机制。MPAV水凝胶具有高电导率（2.28 S/m）、优异的电磁干扰屏蔽效率（SEt > 35 dB）和灵敏的应变传感性能（最大测量因子14.69，最大灵敏度0.124 kPa-1）。精心设计的MPAV双交联水凝胶还具有出色的力学性能（伸长率为457%，压缩率为80%）和自修复能力。