今日更新:Composite Structures 2 篇,Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 4 篇,Composites Part B: Engineering 3 篇,Composites Science and Technology 1 篇
Ultra-high temperature mechanical behavior and microstructural evolution of needle-punched carbon/carbon composites under time-varying thermo-mechanical coupling conditions
Boyi Wang, Songhe Meng, Bo Gao, Kunjie Wang, Chenghai Xu
doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119192
时变热-力耦合条件下针 刺碳/碳复合材料的超高温力学行为及显微组织演化
Carbon/carbon (C/C) composites are extensively employed in the thermal protection systems of hypersonic vehicles, and the precise acquisition of critical process information is vital for the reliable design of such vehicles. Consequently, this research introduces a high-temperature repeated loading testing protocol for needle-punched C/C composites, aimed at characterizing the mechanical behavior of re-entry vehicles in intricate thermal–mechanical coupling environments. Initially, an ultra-high-temperature speckle pattern was prepared using plasma spraying and laser etching techniques, which is suitable for the temperature range of this study (room temperature to 2000 °C). Subsequently, under time-varying temperature and load conditions, the local strain field and tensile properties were investigated. In the single-loading test, at 1500 °C, the stress–strain curve slope decreased by up to 58 %. In the cyclic loading test, at 2000 °C, the slope increased by up to 46 % with the number of cycles, while the specimen strength decreased by up to 27.1 % compared to the standard test. By examining fracture morphology and internal structure at both macroscopic and microscopic scales, the study elucidated how interfacial performance and the level of graphitization contribute to the tensile behavior. The results indicate that as the number of loading cycles increases, the stress–strain curve slope is primarily influenced by interfacial properties and carbon fiber graphitization, with each playing a dominant role at different loading stages. Additionally, tensile strength decreases with the rise in loading cycles, positively correlating with interfacial performance and inversely with carbon fiber graphitization.
碳/碳(C/C)复合材料广泛应用于高超声速飞行器的热防护系统中,关键工艺信息的精确获取对于高超声速飞行器的可靠设计至关重要。因此,本研究引入了针刺C/C复合材料的高温重复加载测试方案,旨在表征再入飞行器在复杂热-力学耦合环境中的力学行为。首先,采用等离子喷涂和激光刻蚀技术制备了超高温散斑图,该散斑图适用于本研究的温度范围(室温至2000 °C)。然后,在时变的温度和载荷条件下,研究了局部应变场和拉伸性能。在单加载试验中,在1500 °C时,应力-应变曲线斜率下降高达58 %。在2000 °C循环加载试验中,与标准试验相比,随着循环次数的增加,边坡增加高达46 %,而试件强度下降高达27.1 %。通过在宏观和微观尺度上检查断裂形态和内部结构,该研究阐明了界面性能和石墨化水平如何影响拉伸行为。结果表明:随着加载循环次数的增加,应力-应变曲线斜率主要受界面性能和碳纤维石墨化程度的影响,且在不同加载阶段,界面性能和碳纤维石墨化程度分别起主导作用;拉伸强度随加载次数的增加而降低,与界面性能呈正相关,与碳纤维石墨化成反比。
Multi-body dynamic transfer matrix modeling and validation for full-scale wind turbine blades in biaxial fatigue testing systems
Yi Ma, Aiguo Zhou, Yutian Zhu, Jinlei Shi, Shiwen Zhao, Jianzhong Wu
doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119205
全尺寸风电叶片双轴疲劳试验系统多体动态传递矩阵建模与验证
Continuous advancements in wind turbine technology, driven by the pursuit of increased power generation and extended blade dimensions, have heightened the demand for reliable biaxial fatigue testing of full-scale blades. Such testing is critical for evaluating long-term structural integrity under realistic loading conditions. This study presents a novel multi-body dynamic transfer matrix methodology to address the modeling and analysis challenges inherent in full-scale biaxial testing systems for large wind turbine blades. The proposed approach discretizes the heterogeneous blade structure into beam elements and employs transfer matrix theory to derive system matrices encompassing spatial beam dynamics, mass distribution, damping characteristics, and elastic properties. Through the systematic formulation of the dynamic transfer equations and subsequent numerical solutions of the characteristic equations, this method enables comprehensive vibration analysis of the multi-body test system. Comparative validation through finite element simulations and experimental measurements demonstrates that the equivalent model achieves prediction discrepancies below 7% across multiple blade configurations. The developed framework provides an effective multibody transfer matrix model for investigating vibration characteristics and bending moment distributions in blade fatigue testing systems, establishing theoretical foundations for dynamic characterization and optimized design of full-scale biaxial fatigue testing platforms.
风力涡轮机技术的不断进步,在追求更大的发电量和更大的叶片尺寸的驱动下,提高了对全尺寸叶片可靠的双轴疲劳测试的需求。这种测试对于评估实际荷载条件下的长期结构完整性至关重要。本研究提出了一种新的多体动态传递矩阵方法,以解决大型风力涡轮机叶片全尺寸双轴测试系统固有的建模和分析挑战。该方法将非均匀叶片结构离散为梁单元,并利用传递矩阵理论推导出包含梁空间动力学、质量分布、阻尼特性和弹性特性的系统矩阵。该方法通过系统地建立动力传递方程和随后的特征方程数值解,实现了对多体试验系统的全面振动分析。通过有限元模拟和实验测量的对比验证表明,等效模型在多种叶片配置下的预测误差低于7%。该框架为研究叶片疲劳试验系统的振动特性和弯矩分布提供了有效的多体传递矩阵模型,为全尺寸双轴疲劳试验平台的动态表征和优化设计奠定了理论基础。
In-plane compression behaviors of cedarwood-inspired cores and composite sandwich structures
Zhi Sun, Xin Zhou, Ruishuang Li, Yawen Zhang, Shanshan Shi
doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108933
杉木芯材与复合材料夹层结构的面内压缩特性
The microstructures of biological tissues can effectively guide the design of composite honeycomb sandwich structures. In this study, a cedarwood-inspired honeycomb core was proposed. In-plane compression tests were conducted on honeycomb cores and sandwich specimens to analyze the deformation and failure mechanisms of the cedarwood-inspired core and to examine their effects on the mechanical properties and failure modes of the sandwich structures. The cedarwood-inspired microstructure altered the load-transfer mechanism within the core, converting concentrated loads into distributed loads and restricting the expansion of unit cell deformations in the core. Experimental results indicated that the deformation and failure modes of the cores and sandwich specimens were modified, and the mechanical properties were significantly improved using the proposed cedarwood-inspired honeycomb cores. Specifically, the peak load of the cedarwood-inspired sandwich is 31.52% higher. Additionally, a theoretical prediction model was developed to determine Young’s modulus and peak load of the cedarwood-inspired core, offering valuable guidance for the design of future honeycomb cores.
生物组织的微观结构可以有效地指导复合材料蜂窝夹层结构的设计。在本研究中,提出了一种以雪松木为灵感的蜂窝芯。通过对蜂窝芯和夹层试件进行面内压缩试验,分析雪松木芯的变形破坏机理,研究其对夹层结构力学性能和破坏模式的影响。杉木结构改变了岩心内的荷载传递机制,将集中荷载转化为分布荷载,限制了岩心内单胞变形的扩展。实验结果表明,采用雪松木蜂窝岩心可以改变岩心和夹层试件的变形破坏模式,并显著改善其力学性能。具体来说,以雪松木为灵感的三明治的峰值负荷高出31.52%。此外,建立了一个理论预测模型来确定雪松木蜂窝芯的杨氏模量和峰值荷载,为未来蜂窝芯的设计提供了有价值的指导。
Low-velocity impact response of carbon/epoxy laminates with interlaminar hybrid toughening via core–shell-rubber particles and non-woven thermoplastic fibre veils
Mehmet Çağatay Akbolat, Sheng Wang, Kali Babu Katnam, Prasad Potluri, Constantinos Soutis
doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108944
核-壳-橡胶复合增韧碳/环氧复合材料与热塑性无纺布纤维膜的低速冲击响应
Advanced composites (e.g. carbon fibre-reinforced epoxies) have been increasingly used in lightweight, critical applications such as aerospace, renewable energy and defence industries due to their excellent mechanical properties including high specific strength, stiffness and fatigue properties. However, the inherent brittleness of polymer composites makes them vulnerable to low-velocity out-of-plane impact loading, threatening their structural integrity. In this context, enhancing the low-velocity impact resistance of composite laminates is crucial for maintaining their structural integrity and reliability throughout their service life. Therefore, this study explores the low-velocity out-of-plane impact resistance of composite laminates (i.e. consisting of the unidirectional non-crimp carbon fibre fabrics and low-viscous two-part epoxy resin) toughened with core–shell rubber (CSR) particles and thermoplastic veils. The CSR particles varying from 0.1 to 3µm and Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) fibre veils with a fibre diameter of 9 µm were used to achieve non-hybrid and hybrid toughening. The impact response of the composite laminates, manufactured with vacuum-assisted resin infusion and out-of-autoclave curing, were characterised with drop-weight low-velocity impact testing in two energy ranges: near the delamination threshold (i.e. 2 J, 3 J, 4 J) and over a broader range (i.e. 2.5 J, 5 J, 7.5 J, 10 J). The results show that the toughening mechanisms derived from the hybrid use of PPS veils and CSR particles effectively enhance the impact resistance of composite laminates up to the delamination threshold. Additionally, the hybrid approach significantly reduces the projected damage area. However, beyond the delamination threshold, the influence of these toughening mechanisms on the impact properties is found to be limited.
先进复合材料(如碳纤维增强环氧树脂)由于其优异的机械性能,包括高比强度,刚度和疲劳性能,已越来越多地用于轻量化,关键应用,如航空航天,可再生能源和国防工业。然而,聚合物复合材料固有的脆性使其容易受到低速面外冲击载荷的影响,威胁其结构完整性。在这种情况下,增强复合材料层压板的抗低速冲击能力对于在其整个使用寿命中保持其结构完整性和可靠性至关重要。因此,本研究探讨了用核壳橡胶(CSR)颗粒和热塑性薄膜增韧复合层压板(即由单向无卷曲碳纤维织物和低粘性双组分环氧树脂组成)的低速抗面外冲击性能。采用0.1 ~ 3µm的CSR颗粒和直径为9µm的聚苯硫醚(PPS)纤维膜实现非杂化增韧和杂化增韧。采用真空辅助树脂注入和非高压釜固化制造的复合材料层合板的冲击响应,通过两种能量范围的落锤低速冲击测试进行了表征:在脱层阈值附近(即2 J、3 J、4 J)和更宽的范围(即2.5 J、5 J、7.5 J、10 J)。结果表明,PPS膜和CSR颗粒混合使用的增韧机制有效地提高了复合材料层合板的抗冲击能力,直至脱层阈值。此外,混合方法大大减少了预计的损伤面积。然而,在脱层阈值之外,这些增韧机制对冲击性能的影响是有限的。
Enhancing interlaminar fracture toughness in CFRP composites using ethanolamine-coated CNT sheets
Manoj Sehrawat, Mamta Rani, Karishma Jain, Sonu Rani, Sony Bharadwaj, Bhanu Pratap Singh, Raj Ladani, Brian G. Falzon
doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108958
乙醇胺涂层碳纳米管增强CFRP复合材料层间断裂韧性
Traditional interleaving of carbon nanotube (CNT) sheets in CFRP composites often leads to poor resin infiltration, resulting in lower interlaminar fracture toughness. This study proposes a novel strategy to modify CNT sheets with non-covalent amine groups to enhance their interaction with the polar epoxy matrix, thereby improving wettability and infiltration. CFRP composites containing amine-modified CNT sheets exhibited a remarkable 206% increase in Mode I fracture toughness due to stronger interlaminar interactions and enhanced fibre bridging. The use of these amine-modified CNT sheets induced the transfer of nanotubes onto the carbon fibre (CF) surface, resulting in nanomodified CFs with increased active sites for matrix bonding, resulting in increased fibre bridging between the delaminated plies. The mode II fracture toughness values show a slight reduction (8.2%) with the use of ethanolamine coated CNT (EACNT) interleaves, as the toughened interlayer does not allow the crack to traverse through it, resulting in a shorter crack path. Nonetheless, this strategy offers a promising advancement towards the use of CNT sheet interleaves for the effective enhancement of CFRP composite fracture toughness.
CFRP复合材料中传统的碳纳米管(CNT)片间交错排列往往导致树脂渗透性差,导致层间断裂韧性较低。本研究提出了一种用非共价胺基修饰碳纳米管片的新策略,以增强其与极性环氧基的相互作用,从而提高润湿性和渗透性。含有胺改性碳纳米管片的CFRP复合材料由于层间相互作用增强和纤维桥接增强,其I型断裂韧性提高了206%。使用这些胺改性碳纳米管片诱导纳米管转移到碳纤维(CF)表面,导致纳米改性碳纤维具有增加的基质键合活性位点,从而增加了分层层之间的纤维桥接。使用乙醇胺涂层碳纳米管(EACNT)交织层,II型断裂韧性值略有降低(8.2%),因为增韧的夹层不允许裂纹穿过它,导致更短的裂纹路径。尽管如此,该策略为使用碳纳米管片交错层有效增强CFRP复合材料断裂韧性提供了一个有希望的进展。
Enhanced interfacial strength in carbon-nanotubes-reinforced Al matrix composites via an interface substitution strategy
Weiwei Zhou, Zhenxing Zhou, Mingqi Dong, Yuchi Fan, Keiichi Shirasu, Go Yamamoto, Naoyuki Nomura
doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108955
通过界面取代策略提高碳纳米管增强Al基复合材料的界面强度
The foremost concern when fabricating carbon nanotube (CNTs)-reinforced Al matrix composites is achieving appropriate interfacial bonding while avoiding intrinsic structural damage. In this study, an interface substitution strategy was developed for replacing the CNT-Al interface with a sandwiched CNT-ceramic-Al interface, thereby enhancing interfacial connections. A uniform, continuous SiO2 layer was deposited on the CNT surface via a sol–gel process, followed by powder metallurgy routines to fabricate SiO2@CNTs/Al composites, in which the CNTs exhibited minimal structural damage and remained well-dispersed without interfacial reactions. An in situ pullout test demonstrated a high interfacial strength of 32.5 MPa for the SiO2@CNT-Al interface, attributed to the enhanced residual compressive stress and interfacial wettability. Consequently, the composite strength was significantly enhanced with CNTs addition, aligning well with predictions from the shear lag model. This interface substitution strategy underscored the feasibility of tuning the CNT-metal interfacial states and highlighted the potential for designing advanced nanocarbon/Al composites.
在制备碳纳米管增强铝基复合材料时,最重要的问题是在避免固有结构损伤的同时实现适当的界面结合。在本研究中,开发了一种界面替代策略,将CNT-Al界面替换为夹在cnt -陶瓷- al界面,从而增强界面连接。通过溶胶-凝胶法在碳纳米管表面沉积均匀、连续的SiO2层,然后采用粉末冶金方法制备SiO2@CNTs/Al复合材料,其中碳纳米管的结构损伤最小,并且在没有界面反应的情况下保持良好的分散。现场拉拔试验表明,由于残余压应力和界面润湿性的增强,SiO2@CNT-Al界面的界面强度高达32.5 MPa。因此,CNTs的加入显著提高了复合材料的强度,这与剪切滞后模型的预测结果一致。这种界面替代策略强调了调整碳纳米管-金属界面状态的可行性,并强调了设计先进纳米碳/铝复合材料的潜力。
An environmentally friendly superhydrophobic coating with high-temperature resistance, UV resistance, and abrasion resistance was fabricated on carbon fiber board via an aqueous phase polymer dispersion system
Qian Su, Kangli Yang, Zhiqing Yuan, Cancheng Li, Shoutong Meng, Xuyu Long, Rui He
doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112533
采用水相聚合物分散体系在碳纤维板上制备了一种具有耐高温、耐紫外线、耐磨损的环保型超疏水涂层
Aiming at the problems of carbon fiber board (CFB), which is not waterproof and has poor UV resistance, a superhydrophobic coating with UV resistance and high-temperature resistance was innovatively prepared on CFB using an aqueous-phase polymer dispersion system by a highly efficient spraying method. The whole preparation system is highly environmentally friendly and safe. The results showed that the superhydrophobic carbon fiber board (SKCFB) could resist UV up to 85 h, could withstand high temperatures up to 300 °C, and had a water contact angle (WCA) of 159°. In addition, the abrasion resistance of SKCFB is 140 and 180 cycles under the action of 800 grit and 1200 grit sandpaper, respectively, for a load of 100 g, and 110 cycles under the action of 600 grit sandpaper. When carrying a load of 500 g, the 600 mesh, 800 mesh, and 1200 mesh sandpaper can be used for 40, 60, and 80 cycles of abrasion resistance, respectively. Compared with other samples of the same type, this SKCFB is simpler to prepare, has a greener and safer preparation route, and has better performance, plus the ability to control the appearance color as desired. This study provides a novel green, simple, and fast strategy for preparing superhydrophobic coatings on CFBs. At the same time, it opens a new path for preparing superhydrophobic coatings and enhances their application in industry.
针对碳纤维板(CFB)不防水、抗紫外线能力差的问题,采用高效喷涂方法,采用水相聚合物分散体系在CFB上创新性地制备了一种耐紫外线、耐高温的超疏水涂层。整个制备系统非常环保和安全。结果表明,该超疏水碳纤维板(SKCFB)抗UV时间长达85 h,耐高温达300℃,水接触角(WCA)为159°。此外,在100 g载荷下,SKCFB在800砂纸和1200砂纸作用下的耐磨性分别为140次和180次,在600砂纸作用下的耐磨性为110次。承载500g载荷时,600目、800目、1200目砂纸可分别进行40、60、80次的耐磨性循环。与其他同类型样品相比,该SKCFB制备更简单,制备路线更环保,更安全,性能更好,并且可以根据需要控制外观颜色。本研究为在cfb上制备超疏水涂层提供了一种绿色、简单、快速的新方法。同时,为制备超疏水涂料开辟了新的途径,提高了超疏水涂料的工业应用。
Advancing Aerospace Maintenance: Thermochromic Liquid Crystal Coating Method for Skin-to-Core Disbond Detection in CFRP Honeycomb Structures
M. Sun, D. Wowk, P.R. Underhill, T.W. Krause
doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112516
推进航空航天维护:用于CFRP蜂窝结构表面到核心剥离检测的热致变色液晶涂层方法
A novel Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) method for aerospace maintenance is introduced, utilizing advanced Thermochromic Liquid Crystal (TLC) ink to detect skin-to-core disbonds in carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) honeycomb structures subjected to low-velocity impacts, representing a state-of-the-art integration of functional materials (TLC) with essential aerospace maintenance practices. Traditional NDE methods for detecting disbonds in aerospace structures often necessitate skilled technicians and sophisticated equipment. In contrast, the current study demonstrates that the proposed TLC coating method provides a straightforward, real-time detection technique that can serve as a preliminary or substitute inspection method. The detection and characterization results using the TLC coating method are rigorously evaluated through comparison with Forward-Looking Infrared (FLIR) by employing a high-performance thermal imaging camera. Results demonstrated that the TLC coating method achieved the same detection limits as FLIR thermography, with measurements of the disbond size differing by no more than 5% between the two methods. A new heating method, Communicative Heating Thermography (CHT), was introduced for use with the TLC coating method in field applications without the need for post-processing, or expensive equipment. CHT enabled operators to dynamically adjust heat application based on real-time feedback from the TLC coating, optimizing disbond detection. This method was successfully implemented by untrained operators with an accuracy of 100%.
介绍了一种用于航空航天维修的新型无损评估(NDE)方法,该方法利用先进的热致色液晶(TLC)墨水来检测碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)蜂窝结构在低速撞击下的皮肤到核心的脱落,代表了功能材料(TLC)与航空航天维修实践的最先进集成。传统的无损检测方法通常需要熟练的技术人员和复杂的设备来检测航空航天结构的剥离。相比之下,目前的研究表明,所提出的TLC涂层方法提供了一种直接、实时的检测技术,可以作为初步或替代的检测方法。采用高性能热像仪与前视红外(FLIR)进行对比,对TLC涂层法的检测和表征结果进行了严格评价。结果表明,TLC涂层法与FLIR热成像法具有相同的检出限,两种方法测量的脱粘尺寸相差不超过5%。介绍了一种新的加热方法,通信加热热成像(CHT),可与TLC涂层方法一起用于现场应用,无需后处理或昂贵的设备。CHT使作业者能够根据TLC涂层的实时反馈动态调整热应用,优化剥离检测。该方法由未经训练的操作人员成功实现,准确率为100%。
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) “a miracle in white”: An emerging two-dimensional material for the advanced powered electronics and energy harvesting application
Chinmoy Kuila, Animesh Maji, Naresh Chandra Murmu, Tapas Kuila
doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112531
六方氮化硼(h-BN)“白色奇迹”:一种新兴的二维材料,用于先进的电力电子和能量收集应用
The growing demand for batteries or other compact electronics received considerable attention because of its high energy density and excellent power-to-mass ratio. However, obstacles such as inconsistent temperature distribution, inefficient energy storage, and sluggish release rates have emerged. Effective heat dissipation is required for optimum efficiency and durability of electrical devices. Thus, it is critical to develop thermally conductive hybrid fillers for improved heat management in such systems. Two-dimensional (2D) hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), also known as "white graphene," encounters conceivable uses in electronics and energy devices due to the broad bandgap (∼5.5 eV), superior thermal endurance, high thermal conductivity (TC), and exceptional dielectric properties. The anisotropic conductivity of BN causes a reduction in cross-plane TC, which is a fundamental concern for its practical deployments. Therefore, developing a unique technique and structural engineering remedy for enhancing BN's cross-plane TC could be achievable. The main focus of this article is to explore the phonon-phonon scattering phenomena, mechanisms, and insights to design h-BN-based composites with good cross-plane TC and electrical insulation. The article summarizes the significance of 2D h-BN in several sectors, including electronic packaging, energy (e.g., thermal energy management and conversion), and batteries/supercapacitors. These topics highlight cutting-edge filler properties and the innovative design of 2D h-BN. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of developing potential thermal interface materials (TIMs) are highlighted. Our insights offer an initial glimpse into future studies on fabricating advanced TIMs in an appropriate filler structure configuration for optimal cooling of electronic/optoelectronic devices.
对电池或其他紧凑型电子产品日益增长的需求受到了相当大的关注,因为它具有高能量密度和优异的功率质量比。然而,诸如温度分布不一致、能量储存效率低下和释放速率缓慢等障碍已经出现。有效的散热是电气设备获得最佳效率和耐用性的必要条件。因此,开发导热混合填料以改善此类系统的热管理是至关重要的。二维(2D)六方氮化硼(h-BN),也被称为“白色石墨烯”,由于宽带隙(~ 5.5 eV),优异的热耐久性,高导热性(TC)和特殊的介电性能,在电子和能源设备中遇到了可以想象的用途。BN的各向异性电导率导致了跨平面TC的降低,这是其实际部署的一个基本问题。因此,开发一种独特的技术和结构工程补救措施来增强BN的跨平面TC是可以实现的。本文的重点是探讨声子-声子散射现象、机制以及设计具有良好跨平面TC和电绝缘的h- bn基复合材料的见解。本文总结了二维氢氮化硼在电子封装、能源(如热能管理和转换)和电池/超级电容器等几个领域的意义。这些主题突出了前沿填料的性能和2D h-BN的创新设计。最后,指出了开发潜在热界面材料的挑战和前景。我们的见解为未来在适当的填料结构配置中制造先进的TIMs以实现电子/光电器件的最佳冷却提供了初步的研究。
Physical crosslinking optimized high-temperature capacitive energy storage of polyetherimide nanocomposites with ultralow C60 particles
Wenjie Huang, Mengyu Xiao, Baoquan Wan, Zhonghua Xiang, Yuchao Li, Yong Chae Jung, Jun-Wei Zha
doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111194
物理交联优化的超低C60聚醚酰亚胺纳米复合材料高温电容储能
The extreme operating environments of film capacitors have created an urgent need for a new generation of polymer dielectric materials. Polymer-based composites are a more efficient option in terms of outstanding performance and large-scale industrialized production. Herein, C60 is selected as a functional filler to be combined with commercial polyetherimide (PEI) through electrostatic interactions to construct polymer nanocomposites (C60/PEI). Ultralow-filled C60/PEI nanocomposites achieve the comprehensive improvement of electrical, thermal and mechanical performance due to the physical cross-linking points acted by C60 particles. C60 shows a strong ability to inhibit electron transfer due to the unique zero-dimensional cage structure and high electron affinity, which reduces the conduction loss at high temperatures. Theoretical and experimental results show that the introduction of trace amounts of C60 particles into PEIs constructs stable carrier traps and significantly improves the high-temperature energy storage characteristics. The dielectric permittivity and breakdown strength are increased from 3.24 and 447 MV/m for PEI to 3.45 and 520 MV/m for the optimal C60/PEI nanocomposite at 150 °C, respectively. Consequently, the optimal C60/PEI nanocomposite achieves a discharged energy density (Ud) of 3.69 J/cm3 at 150 °C, which is higher than 2.65 J/cm3 of PEI. This provides a convenient and effective strategy to synergistically improve the comprehensive performance of polymer nanocomposite films for high-temperature energy storage applications.
薄膜电容器的极端工作环境对新一代聚合物介电材料产生了迫切的需求。聚合物基复合材料在突出的性能和大规模工业化生产方面是一个更有效的选择。本文选择C60作为功能性填料,通过静电相互作用与商用聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)结合,构建聚合物纳米复合材料(C60/PEI)。超低填充C60/PEI纳米复合材料由于C60粒子作用的物理交联点,实现了电学、热学和力学性能的全面提高。C60由于其独特的零维笼结构和高的电子亲和性,表现出很强的抑制电子转移的能力,从而降低了高温下的传导损失。理论和实验结果表明,引入微量C60粒子构建了稳定的载流子陷阱,显著改善了PEIs的高温储能特性。在150℃下,C60/PEI纳米复合材料的介电常数和击穿强度分别从PEI的3.24和447 MV/m提高到C60/PEI的3.45和520 MV/m。因此,最佳的C60/PEI纳米复合材料的放电能量密度Ud在150℃时为3.69 J/cm3,高于PEI的2.65 J/cm3。这为协同提高聚合物纳米复合薄膜的综合性能提供了一种方便有效的策略。