今日更新：Composite Structures 2 篇，Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 4 篇，Composites Part B: Engineering 6 篇，Composites Science and Technology 1 篇Composite StructuresEnergy absorber inspired by spider websKoray Yavuz, Seymur Jahangirov, Recep M. Gorguluarslandoi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119160受蜘蛛网启发的能量吸收器The spider orb web has evolved to efficiently absorb the energy of flying insects colliding with it. In this study, a novel three-dimensional lattice structure inspired by the specific structural characteristics of the spider orb web was designed and optimized to create a new lattice design. The design was optimized for energy absorption and energy absorption efficiency using a size optimization procedure with numerical modelling based on beam elements under quasi-static compression loading. This optimized lattice was additively manufactured and subjected to quasi-static compression testing. Numerical results for energy absorption and compression behaviour showed good agreement with experimental findings. Additionally, numerical analysis of the optimized lattice was performed using solid elements to predict the energy absorption behaviour more accurately, and the results showed even better agreement with experimental data. The resulting lattice also demonstrated improved energy absorption performance compared to existing lattice structures.蜘蛛球网已经进化到可以有效地吸收与之相撞的昆虫的能量。在本研究中，受蜘蛛球网 特定结构特征的启发，设计并优化了一种新的三维晶格结构。采用基于准静态压缩载荷下梁单元的尺寸优化程序和数值模拟方法，对结构的能量吸收和能量吸收效率进行了优化。对优化后的晶格进行了增材制造和准静态压缩试验。能量吸收和压缩特性的数值计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。此外，利用固体元对优化后的晶格进行了数值分析，更准确地预测了能量吸收行为，结果与实验数据吻合得更好。与现有的晶格结构相比，所得到的晶格也显示出更好的能量吸收性能。Fatigue response and fracture mechanisms of polymer matrix composites under dominance of the self-heating effectAndrzej Katunin, Tomasz Rogala, Jafar Amraei, Dominik Wachla, Marcin Bilewicz, Łukasz Krzemiński, Paulo N.B. Reisdoi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119207自热作用下聚合物基复合材料的疲劳响应及断裂机制The self-heating effect in polymer matrix composites (PMCs) can be dangerous due to dominance of the fatigue process and its significant acceleration. Therefore, investigation of its influence on structural behavior and thermomechanical response is crucial for safe and reliable operation of PMCs. Due to lack of standardization of criteria of determination of fatigue properties, such as fatigue limit, during various modes of fatigue loading, the investigation of fatigue response attracts special attention. In some loading scenarios when the process is dominated either by mechanical fatigue degradation or self-heating effect, the classical approaches to determine fatigue limit may fail. This implies the need to establish new criteria for fatigue limit determination, also considering stress relaxation. In this study, the authors demonstrated that fatigue behavior is represented by bi-linear S-N curve, which reveals different thermomechanical responses and damage mechanisms under specific loading conditions. Moreover, it was demonstrated the existence of a transition point on the intersection of these S-N curves, where dominance of self-heating effect and mechanical degradation was clearly noticeable. The fatigue process for both mentioned regimes was characterized in terms of self-heating temperature evolution and acoustic emission, which was validated by microscopic analysis and X-ray computed tomography after fatigue failure.在聚合物基复合材料（pmc）中，由于疲劳过程的主导地位及其显著的加速，自热效应可能是危险的。因此，研究其对pmc结构性能和热力学响应的影响对其安全可靠运行至关重要。由于在各种疲劳加载模式下疲劳特性（如疲劳极限）的确定标准缺乏标准化，因此对疲劳响应的研究受到了特别的关注。在机械疲劳退化或自热效应主导的加载过程中，经典的疲劳极限确定方法可能失效。这意味着需要建立新的疲劳极限确定标准，也考虑到应力松弛。在本研究中，作者证明了疲劳行为以双线性S-N曲线表示，该曲线揭示了特定加载条件下不同的热力学响应和损伤机制。此外，在这些S-N曲线的交叉点上存在一个过渡点，在那里，自热效应和机械退化明显占主导地位。通过微观分析和疲劳失效后的x射线计算机断层扫描，对两种状态的疲劳过程进行了表征，包括自热温度演变和声发射。Composites Part A: Applied Science and ManufacturingBalanced optimization of multiple mechanical properties of homogeneous architecture hyperelastic materialLe Chen, Songlin Yu, Changlin Li, Yu Liu, Chengzhen Geng, Fengmei Yu, Ai Ludoi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108932均质结构超弹性材料多种力学性能的平衡优化The fascinating mechanical properties of hyperelastic materials have been extensively studied. To meet the requirements of various application scenarios, researchers need to seek trade-offs and optimizations in different deformation modes, as these properties are often mutually restrictive. Machine learning with powerful nonlinear fitting ability, helps establish a balance between various mechanical properties, facilitates iterative optimization in the manufacturing process of hyperelastic materials. Here, we propose a design strategy that reconciles the conflicting multiple mechanical properties of porous hyperelastic materials by using customized machine learning. Specifically, we combine multitask machine learning with targeted modules and domain knowledge from porous elastomer, and established the connection between the macroscopic structural parameters and multiple mechanical properties of the entire response process of hyperelastic materials obtained from additive manufacturing. By leveraging the connection, the contradiction between stiffness and energy dissipation in hyperelastic materials can be mitigated solely through macroscopic stacked structural optimization. The strategy is also employed to optimize the printing performance of silicone ink, demonstrating satisfactory results. Therefore, this strategy is expected to provide an efficient paradigm for simultaneously reconciling and optimizing the complex practical requirements of hyperelastic materials.超弹性材料令人着迷的力学性能得到了广泛的研究。为了满足各种应用场景的要求，研究人员需要在不同的变形模式下寻求权衡和优化，因为这些特性往往是相互限制的。机器学习具有强大的非线性拟合能力，有助于在各种力学性能之间建立平衡，便于超弹性材料制造过程中的迭代优化。在这里，我们提出了一种设计策略，通过使用定制机器学习来协调多孔超弹性材料的多种力学性能的冲突。具体而言，我们将多任务机器学习与多孔弹性体的目标模块和领域知识相结合，建立了增材制造获得的超弹性材料的宏观结构参数与整个响应过程的多种力学性能之间的联系。利用这种联系，可以仅通过宏观的叠层结构优化来缓解超弹性材料的刚度与耗能之间的矛盾。将该策略应用于有机硅油墨的印刷性能优化，取得了满意的效果。因此，该策略有望为同时协调和优化超弹性材料的复杂实际要求提供一个有效的范例。An experimental investigation into the lightning strike response of Z-pinned composite laminatesMudan Chen, Yu Zhou, Bing Zhang, Giuliano Allegri, Tomohiro Yokozeki, Stephen R. Hallettdoi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108951 z -钉钉复合材料层合板雷击响应的实验研究Despite their outstanding mechanical performance and lightweight characteristics, carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites also have some limitations, notably: poor delamination resistance and vulnerability to lightning strikes. Z-pinning through-thickness reinforcement (TTR) technology addresses the first of these and this research represents the first investigation on the lightning strike damage response of Z-pinned CFRP composites. Two types of specimens were tested: unpinned and 0.1% carbon-fibre Z-pinned. Experimental results reveal that while Z-pinning enhances through-thickness electrical conductivity, it introduces new complexities. During lightning events, the intense current surge causes the carbon-fibre pins and adjacent resin pockets to decompose, resulting in localised damage, larger delamination areas, and reduced residual strength compared to unpinned laminates. Carbon-fibre Z-pinned laminates, however, dissipate heat more rapidly due to the efficient heat transfer facilitated by the pins. This study offers a novel perspective on the potential advantages and challenges associated with the application of Z-pinning in aircraft structures.尽管碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）复合材料具有出色的机械性能和轻质特性，但也有一些局限性，特别是：抗分层性差，易受雷击。z形钉钉通厚增强（TTR）技术解决了其中的第一个问题，本研究首次对z形钉钉CFRP复合材料的雷击损伤响应进行了研究。测试了两种类型的试样：未钉和0.1%碳纤维z钉。实验结果表明，z型钉钉在提高通厚导电性的同时，也带来了新的复杂性。在雷电事件中，强烈的电流浪涌导致碳纤维引脚和邻近的树脂袋分解，导致局部损坏，更大的分层区域，与未固定的层压板相比，残余强度降低。然而，由于引脚促进了有效的传热，碳纤维z -钉层压板可以更快地散热。这项研究为z轴固定在飞机结构中应用的潜在优势和挑战提供了一个新的视角。Titanium dioxide whiskers functionalized with organic–inorganic hybrid silica coatings for multifaceted enhancement of high-performance polybutylene terephthalate nanocompositesYankun Gong, Peng Liu, Juan Chen, Yanfen Ding, Haijun Fan, Mingshu Yangdoi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108952二氧化钛晶须与有机-无机杂化二氧化硅涂层的功能化，在多方面增强高性能聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯纳米复合材料Plastics with all-good stiffness, strength, and toughness properties can hardly been achieved through a whisker-filling method, even after the functionalization on whiskers. The titanium dioxide whiskers, with limited studies focusing on their effect to the tribology and antistatic properties of the composites, require more investigation on their reinforcing effects to the functional engineering plastics. In this work, rutile titanium dioxide whiskers coated by organic–inorganic hybrid silica (CRTs) were prepared through a co-hydrolysis and co-condensation method. CRT and uncoated whiskers (RT) were melt-blended with polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) to prepare nanocomposites, with various properties studied. The tensile/flexural strength and modulus, impact strength, dielectric constant, heat deformation temperature and thermal conductivity of PBT nanocomposites filled with 50% RT improved by 59%/45%, 376%/375%, 19%, 108%, 170%, 114%, respectively. More interestingly, these properties improved further with 50 wt% CRT added, accurately by 71%/67%, 342%/416%, 22%, 104%, 174%, 137%. The reinforcing mechanisms by RT and CRT were investigated. The neat PBT showed a brittle fracture behavior, while the RT(CRT)/PBT composites exhibited ductile fracture with polymer fibrils, whisker pulling out and whisker breaking. CRT enhanced the mechanical properties, and meanwhile reduced the dielectric loss and apparent viscosity for PBT, which was due to the improved interfacial compatibility deriving from the functional coating.即使在晶须上进行功能化处理，也很难通过晶须填充方法获得具有良好刚度、强度和韧性的塑料。二氧化钛晶须对复合材料摩擦学和抗静电性能的影响研究有限，其对功能性工程塑料的增强作用有待进一步研究。本文采用共水解和共缩合法制备了有机-无机杂化二氧化硅（CRTs）包覆金红石型二氧化钛晶须。将阴极射线管（CRT）和未涂覆晶须（RT）与聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯（PBT）熔融共混制备纳米复合材料，研究了其各种性能。填充50% RT的PBT纳米复合材料的拉伸/弯曲强度和模量、冲击强度、介电常数、热变形温度和导热系数分别提高了59%/45%、376%/375%、19%、108%、170%、114%。更有趣的是，当添加50 wt% CRT时，这些性能得到了进一步改善，精度分别为71%/67%，342%/416%,22%,104%,174%,137%。研究了RT和CRT的强化机制。纯PBT呈现脆性断裂行为，而RT(CRT)/PBT复合材料呈现韧性断裂行为，包括聚合物原纤维断裂、晶须拔出断裂和晶须断裂。CRT提高了PBT的力学性能，同时降低了PBT的介电损耗和表观粘度，这是由于功能涂层改善了界面相容性。Dual-sized diamond synergized Ti3C2Tx MXene for vertically aligned structures to enhance thermal conductivity and microwave absorption performanceQin Tang, Saiyu Yang, Guangyin Liu, Shiqi Chen, Anqi Guo, Jun Shendoi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.108953 双尺寸金刚石协同Ti3C2Tx MXene用于垂直排列结构，以提高导热性和微波吸收性能The escalating power density and operating frequencies of modern electronic communication devices have intensified the challenges associated with overheating and electromagnetic interference. While the development of dual-functional polymer composites integrating both thermal conductivity (TC) and electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing capabilities has partially mitigated these issues, their performance still fails to meet contemporary application requirements. This study presents an innovative Ti3C2Tx MXene/detonation microdiamond (DMD)/ detonation nanodiamond (DND)/ polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composite system, achieving the strategic incorporation of high-thermal-conductivity diamond particles (DMD/DND) and multifunctional MXene materials within a PDMS matrix. The optimized composite containing 40 wt% MXene/DMD and 26 wt% MXene/DND demonstrated exceptional performance characteristics: a TC of 1.71 W/m∙K coupled with outstanding EMW absorption capability, achieving a minimal reflection loss of −43.21 dB at just 2.5 mm thickness. These performance enhancements stemmed from the formation of the vertically aligned 3D thermally conductive networks by the MXene/DMD components, and the secondary reinforcement effect provided by the MXene/DND composite. The remarkable versatility indicates that MXene/DMD/DND/PDMS composites are promising candidates for electronic packaging.现代电子通信设备不断升级的功率密度和工作频率加剧了与过热和电磁干扰相关的挑战。虽然热导（TC）和电磁波（EMW）吸收能力兼具的双功能聚合物复合材料的发展在一定程度上缓解了这些问题，但其性能仍不能满足当代应用的要求。本研究提出了一种创新的Ti3C2Tx MXene/爆轰微金刚石(DMD)/爆轰纳米金刚石(DND)/聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）复合体系，实现了高导热金刚石颗粒（DMD/DND）和多功能MXene材料在PDMS基体中的战略性结合。优化后的复合材料含有40 wt% MXene/DMD和26 wt% MXene/DND，表现出卓越的性能特征：TC为1.71 W/m∙K，具有出色的EMW吸收能力，仅在2.5 mm厚度下实现最小反射损耗- 43.21 dB。这些性能的增强源于MXene/DMD组分形成的垂直排列的3D导热网络，以及MXene/DND复合材料提供的二次增强效应。MXene/DMD/DND/PDMS复合材料的多功能性表明其在电子封装领域具有广阔的应用前景。Composites Part B: EngineeringAccelerating mechanism of cement hydration by hydroxyl free radicals: new perspectives from photoexcited nano-TiO2Jihong Jiang, Han Wang, Junlin Lin, Zhiyong Liu, Laibo Li, Yali Li, Zongjin Li, Lingchao Lu, Yunjian Li, Zeyu Ludoi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112524羟基自由基加速水泥水化机理：光激发纳米tio2的新视角Previous studies primarily considered TiO2 as a nano-filler to accelerate cement hydration due to the nucleation site effect. However, hydroxyl free radicals (•OH), released from TiO2 under UV irradiation, also exhibit great potential to accelerate cement hydration owing to their high nucleophilicity arising from unpaired electrons. This study is the first to reveal the accelerating mechanism of •OH generated by photoexcited nano-TiO2 on cement hydration. Current experimental results indicated that 5.0 wt% addition of photoexcited nano-TiO2 (under 6 h of UV irradiation during the early curing stage) improved the dissolution rate of tricalcium silicate (C3S) by 30 %, followed by a 35 % increase in the hydration degree of cement paste. More importantly, the polymerization degree and high-density content of C–S–H gels were also improved by 26 % and 13 %, accompanied by a 46 % reduction in porosity of the composites. All the aforementioned improvements were attributed to the presence of •OH generated by photoexcited nano-TiO2, which significantly accelerated cement hydration by accelerating C3S dissolution, facilitating faster nucleation and growth of C–S–H gels. In addition, the Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations revealed that the accelerating effect of •OH on cement hydration may stem from the stronger interaction between •OH and the Ca ion on the C3S surface compared to the water molecule, and the increased surface nucleophilicity due to the dispersion of unpaired elections from •OH to all the O ions in the surface layer. These findings provide a high-efficiency approach to accelerate cement hydration by photoexcited nano-TiO2, thereby paving the way for the development of advanced and sustainable cement-based materials.以往的研究主要考虑TiO2作为纳米填料，由于成核位点效应，加速水泥水化。然而，在紫外线照射下从TiO2中释放的羟基自由基（•OH），由于其由不成对电子产生的高亲核性，也表现出极大的加速水泥水化的潜力。本研究首次揭示了光激发纳米tio2生成•OH对水泥水化的加速机理。目前的实验结果表明，添加5.0 wt%的光激发纳米tio2（在养护初期，在6 h的紫外线照射下）可使硅酸三钙（C3S）的溶解率提高30%，随后使水泥浆的水化程度提高35%。更重要的是，C-S-H凝胶的聚合度和高密度含量也分别提高了26%和13%，同时复合材料的孔隙率降低了46%。上述改善都归功于光激发纳米tio2生成的•OH的存在，通过加速C3S的溶解，显著加速水泥水化，促进C-S-H凝胶更快成核和生长。此外，密度泛函理论（DFT）计算表明，•OH对水泥水化的加速作用可能源于•OH与C3S表面的Ca离子之间比水分子更强的相互作用，以及由于•OH的不配对选择分散到表层的所有O离子而增加的表面亲核性。这些发现为光激发纳米tio2加速水泥水化提供了一种高效的方法，从而为开发先进和可持续的水泥基材料铺平了道路。Design and fabrication of bionic Bouligand-structured SiC/2024Al composites via binder jetting additive manufacturing and pressure infiltrationYuan Li, Shijiang Zhong, Mingfang Qian, Xuexi Zhang, Zhenggang Jia, Lin Gengdoi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112526 基于粘结剂喷射增材制造和压力渗透的仿生bouligand结构SiC/2024Al复合材料的设计与制备Metal matrix composites (MMCs) are widely used in high-end manufacturing. However, the tradeoff between the strength and toughness of these materials poses a problem. In this study, inspired by nature, bionic Bouligand-structured SiC/2024Al composites with a pitch angle in the range of 15°–45° were designed using SolidWorks software and prepared via binder jetting additive manufacturing and pressure infiltration. Their SiC content was about 11.6 vol%, and their porosity ranged from 1.59 % to 2.80 %. A periodic structure was confirmed from microstructural observations and a micro-computed tomography examination. Furthermore, a pitch-angle-related mechanical property was observed in the composites. In particular, finite element analysis showed that the 45°-pitch-angle composite had lower stress concentration and higher load carrying capacity than the composites with other pitch angles. After solution and aging treatment, nano-scale θ′ and S′ phases precipitated in the matrix, resulting in Orowan strengthening behavior. Consequently, the heat-treated 45°-pitch-angle composite showed a higher compressive strength of 741.59 MPa, a compressive strain exceeding 30 % and a KIC value of 13.32 MPa m1/2. The results of this study are expected to contribute to development of methods to overcome the strength-toughness tradeoff problem in MMCs.金属基复合材料在高端制造业中有着广泛的应用。然而，这些材料的强度和韧性之间的权衡带来了一个问题。本研究以大自然为灵感，利用SolidWorks软件设计了仰角在15°-45°范围内的仿生bouligand结构SiC/2024Al复合材料，并通过粘结剂喷射增材制造和压力渗透制备了复合材料。SiC含量约为11.6 vol%，孔隙率为1.59% ~ 2.80%。从显微结构观察和显微计算机断层扫描检查中证实了周期性结构。此外，复合材料的力学性能与俯仰角有关。特别是，有限元分析表明，45°俯仰角复合材料比其他俯仰角复合材料具有更低的应力集中和更高的承载能力。固溶时效处理后，纳米级θ′和S′相在基体中析出，形成Orowan强化行为。结果表明，经过热处理的45°俯仰角复合材料的抗压强度达到741.59 MPa，抗压应变超过30%，抗压强度KIC值达到了13.32 MPa m1/2。本研究的结果有望有助于开发克服mmc中强度-韧性权衡问题的方法。Influence of surface modification on the interfacial properties of ultra-thin steel foils and CFRP co-curing without adhesive film:A comparative study of different techniquesLei Chen, Wei Zhu, Qi Zhang, Yanjie Zhang, Chenchen Zhao, Tao Wang, Qingxue Huangdoi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112517表面改性对超薄钢箔与CFRP共固化界面性能的影响：不同工艺的对比研究Ultra-thin stainless-steel foil, renowned for its high strength, corrosion resistance, and excellent formability, shows significant promise in fiber metal laminates. However, enhancing the interfacial adhesion between ultra-thin stainless-steel foil (less than 0.05 mm thick) and CFRP remains a technical challenge. Metal surface pretreatment is crucial for determining the bonding quality of steel/CFRP interfaces. In this study, cold spraying and laser scanning techniques were used to pretreat 30 μm thick ultra-thin stainless-steel foil. The effects of different treatment processes, both individually and in combination, on the physical and chemical states of foil surface were systematically characterized, and their impact on the interface bonding properties of steel/CFRP was analyzed. By progressively optimizing the metal surface modification process based on laser scanning treatment, significant improvements were achieved in active site density on the metal surface, resulting in a single lap shear strength of 30.07 MPa for co-cured steel/CFRP laminate without adhesive film. Compared to untreated samples, there was an impressive increase of 210.32 % in interfacial bond strength. This study presents a straightforward and environmentally friendly solution to enhance the interfacial performance between ultra-thin stainless-steel foil and CFRP laminates.超薄不锈钢箔以其高强度、耐腐蚀性和优异的成形性而闻名，在金属纤维层压板中显示出巨大的前景。然而，如何增强超薄不锈钢箔（厚度小于0.05 mm）与碳纤维增强塑料（CFRP）之间的界面附着力仍然是一个技术挑战。金属表面预处理是决定钢/碳纤维复合材料界面粘接质量的关键。本研究采用冷喷涂和激光扫描技术对30 μm厚的超薄不锈钢箔进行预处理。系统表征了不同处理工艺（单独处理和组合处理）对铝箔表面物理化学状态的影响，分析了不同处理工艺对钢/CFRP界面结合性能的影响。通过逐步优化基于激光扫描处理的金属表面改性工艺，金属表面活性位点密度显著提高，无胶膜共固化钢/CFRP复合材料单次抗剪强度达到30.07 MPa。与未经处理的样品相比，界面结合强度提高了210.32%。本研究提出了一种简单环保的解决方案，以提高超薄不锈钢箔和CFRP层压板之间的界面性能。Optimization of High Strength CF/LM-PAEK Thermoplastic Composite Tube Manufacturing Parameters Using the Taguchi Method and Experimental VerificationKamran Samet, Harun Koçak, Çetin Karataş, Erkutay Taşdemircidoi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112518采用田口法优化高强度CF/LM-PAEK热塑性复合材料管材制造参数及实验验证A novel vacuum-free method was developed for producing thermoplastic composite tubes using woven carbon fiber/LM-PAEK. The effects of consolidation pressure, temperature, time, heating, and cooling rates were investigated through a Taguchi L16 design. Tensile, compressive strength, and density results were analyzed to determine optimal parameters, supported by Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). The optimized sample, verified through mechanical testing, DSC, radiographic, and SEM analysis, achieved 626.93 MPa tensile and 329.44 MPa compressive strength. The developed method allows the use of woven prepregs, enabling longitudinal fiber alignment that enhances tensile strength compared to angled fiber arrangements in filament winding. It requires only a hot press and mold, eliminating the need for high-temperature vacuum bags, airways, and sealing tapes. These advantages make the method a simple, economical, and effective alternative for fabricating aerospace-grade composite tubes.提出了一种新型的用编织碳纤维/LM-PAEK制备热塑性复合材料管的无真空方法。通过Taguchi L16设计研究了固结压力、温度、时间、加热和冷却速率的影响。在灰色关联分析（GRA）的支持下，对拉伸、抗压强度和密度结果进行分析以确定最佳参数。通过力学测试、DSC、x线摄影和SEM分析验证，优化后的试样抗拉强度为626.93 MPa，抗压强度为329.44 MPa。所开发的方法允许使用编织预浸料，使纵向纤维对齐，与长丝缠绕中的角度纤维排列相比，增强了抗拉强度。它只需要一个热压机和模具，不需要高温真空袋，气道和密封胶带。这些优点使该方法成为制造航空级复合材料管的一种简单、经济、有效的替代方法。MXenes and Their Composites for High-Performance Detection of Pharmaceuticals and Pesticides: A Comprehensive ReviewIshika Rana, Vishnu Kumar Malakar, Kumar Rakesh Ranjan, Chandrabhan Verma, Akram AlFantazi, Prashant Singh, Kamlesh Kumaridoi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112521 用于药物和农药高效检测的MXenes及其复合材料综述The increasing concerns over environmental pollution and human health hazards caused by pesticides and pharmaceutical residues have driven significant research into the development of highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sensors. MXenes, a class of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides and nitrides along with MXene-based composites, have emerged as promising candidates for electrochemical sensing due to their unique physicochemical properties, including high electrical conductivity, large surface area, hydrophilicity, and tunable surface chemistry. Herein, we have comprehensively discussed the role of MXenes and their composites in the electrochemical detection of drugs and pesticides. Further, they can be classified based on their structural dimensions and explore their fundamental properties, including conductivity, electrochemical stability, mechanical integrity, and chemical reactivity, which govern their sensing performance. However, MXenes can be easily oxidized and undergo gradual structural degradation, which may impact performance over a long time. Therefore, the need for MXene-based composites is highlighted to address the limitations of pristine MXenes and enhance their selectivity, stability, and sensitivity for detecting trace-level analytes. The recent advancements in MXenes modified electrochemical sensors for detecting pesticides and drugs, critically analyzing their sensing mechanisms, detection limits, and response times.对农药和药物残留造成的环境污染和人类健康危害的日益关注，推动了对高灵敏度和选择性电化学传感器的开发进行了大量研究。MXenes是一类二维（2D）过渡金属碳化物和氮化物以及基于MXenes的复合材料，由于其独特的物理化学性质，包括高导电性，大表面积，亲水性和可调表面化学，已成为电化学传感的有希望的候选者。在此，我们全面讨论了MXenes及其复合材料在药物和农药的电化学检测中的作用。此外，它们可以根据它们的结构尺寸进行分类，并探索它们的基本性质，包括电导率、电化学稳定性、机械完整性和化学反应性，这些都决定了它们的传感性能。然而，MXenes很容易被氧化并经历逐渐的结构降解，这可能会长期影响性能。因此，需要基于MXenes的复合材料来解决原始MXenes的局限性，并提高其检测痕量分析物的选择性，稳定性和灵敏度。MXenes修饰的电化学传感器用于检测农药和药物的最新进展，批判性地分析了它们的传感机制、检测限和响应时间。Hole controlled displacement behaviour of conducting polymer actuatorsSukesh Kumar, Aimin Yu, Mudrika Khandelwaldoi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2025.112525 导电聚合物致动器的孔控位移行为The role of holes in the displacement behaviour of conducting polymer actuators is not emphasized much, hindering the design of actuators with a better response. Generally, it is assumed that the motion of ions limits the displacement of a conducting polymer because of their higher atomic mass compared to the effective mass of a hole or electron. Here, we report that the hole density of state (DOS) of a conducting polymer actuator could be another limiting factor for its displacement behaviour. Electrochemical techniques are used to estimate the DOS of a state-of-the-art conducting polymer, PEDOT:PSS. To capture the subsequent effect of changing the hole doping level and the kinetics of hole-ion transport, the electrochemical impedance of the PEDOT:PSS layer is measured while it is held at various constant voltages. To illustrate the effect of hole dynamics on the displacement of a conducting polymer actuator, the displacement of a PEDOT:PSS/bacterial cellulose actuator is recorded at various voltages and for different periods. The depletion and accumulation mode of operation is explained. The transients in the displacement of the actuator to the steady state are identified and explained, incorporating the electrochemical findings. The rate and magnitude of the displacement are found to be dependent on the hole doping level in a conducting polymer. The displacement of the actuator can be divided into three time scales; initial space charge (driven by drift current), filling up of high energy states (drift and diffusion), diffusion of ions (reflective or transmissive)孔在导电聚合物作动器位移行为中的作用并没有得到重视，这阻碍了设计具有更好响应的作动器。通常，假设离子的运动限制了导电聚合物的位移，因为与空穴或电子的有效质量相比，离子的原子质量更高。在这里，我们报告了导电聚合物致动器的空穴状态密度（DOS）可能是其位移行为的另一个限制因素。电化学技术用于估计最先进的导电聚合物，PEDOT:PSS的DOS。为了捕捉改变空穴掺杂水平和空穴离子传输动力学的后续影响，在各种恒定电压下测量了PEDOT:PSS层的电化学阻抗。为了说明孔动力学对导电聚合物致动器位移的影响，记录了PEDOT:PSS/细菌纤维素致动器在不同电压和不同周期下的位移。说明了耗竭和积累的运行模式。在执行器位移到稳态的瞬态被识别和解释，结合电化学的发现。发现位移的速率和大小取决于导电聚合物中的空穴掺杂水平。执行器的位移可分为三个时间尺度；初始空间电荷（由漂移电流驱动），高能态填充（漂移和扩散），离子扩散（反射或透射）Composites Science and TechnologyMulti-response controllable microstructured superhydrophobic surfaces for full-process dynamic anti-icing and de-icingYubo Wang, Yiqing Xue, Yinfeng Wang, Bo Yuan, Yi Zheng, Wenyan Liang, Yongyang Sun, Xin Suidoi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111183 多响应可控微结构超疏水表面全程动态防冰除冰A series of microstructured superhydrophobic surfaces prepared by biomimicry exhibit unique advantages in the field of anti-icing/de-icing. However, the synergistic effect between microstructural morphology modulation and functional composites, as well as the mechanism of influence on anti-icing/de-icing in different low-temperature environments remain to be explored. Here, leveraging the shape memory effect and electrothermal/photothermal response characteristics of composite materials, a synergistic anti-icing/de-icing system integrating passive anti-icing mechanisms with active de-icing strategies has been systematically investigated. The dynamic impact behaviours of droplets at different temperatures and microstructural morphology were investigated. Elucidating the mechanisms regulating electrothermal/photothermal response and microstructural morphology. Modulation of droplet impact behavior to avoid ice formation, reduction of surface heat transfer efficiency to delay the icing process, and decrease of ice adhesion to achieve removal of surface-coated ice. Combining the electrothermal/photothermal responsiveness of the substrate functional materials and the reversible conversion properties of the surface microstructure, it provides a new idea for the research of full-process, intelligent-response anti-icing/de-icing.仿生制备的一系列微结构超疏水表面在防冰/除冰领域具有独特的优势。然而，微观结构形态调制与功能复合材料之间的协同效应，以及在不同低温环境下对防冰/除冰的影响机制仍有待探讨。本文利用复合材料的形状记忆效应和电热/光热响应特性，系统研究了一种将被动防冰机制与主动除冰策略相结合的协同防冰/除冰系统。研究了液滴在不同温度下的动态冲击行为和微观组织形态。阐明调控电热/光热响应和微观结构形态的机制。调节液滴的撞击行为以避免结冰，降低表面传热效率以延缓结冰过程，减少冰的粘附以实现去除表面覆盖的冰。结合基板功能材料的电热/光热响应性和表面微结构的可逆转换特性，为全过程智能响应防冰/除冰的研究提供了新的思路。 来源：复合材料力学仿真Composites FEM
