【新文速递】2025年3月13日固体力学SCI期刊最新文章

 

今日更新：International Journal of Solids and Structures 1 篇，Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 1 篇，Mechanics of Materials 2 篇，International Journal of Plasticity 1 篇，Thin-Walled Structures 5 篇

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Effect of SnO2 particulate characteristics on mechanical properties of Ag/SnO2 electrical contact materials

Zhi-Xu Qi, Long-Hao Li, Hao YI, Wen-Ge Liang, Jian-Qi Liu, Ming-Cai Wei

doi:10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2025.113338

SnO2颗粒特性对Ag/SnO2电接触材料力学性能的影响

The particulate characteristics (shape, size, and mass fraction) of SnO2 particles in Ag/SnO2 electrical contact materials govern their complex mechanical response, which cannot be fully characterized through conventional experimental methods. Here, finite element modeling was employed to unravel the intrinsic coupling between the matrix and particles in Ag/SnO2. Representative volume element (RVE) models were constructed based on experimentally derived microstructural data, enabling systematic analysis of deformation mechanisms, interfacial debonding phenomena, and crack propagation pathways under varying geometrical parameters and mass fractions. Key findings demonstrate that short prismatic (SP) particles optimize the strength-ductility balance, whereas long prismatic (LP) particles enhance load transfer at the expense of plasticity. Striking a balance between the intricacy of particle shape complexity and dimensional control emerged as a critical strategy for mechanical performance enhancement. The progressive damage evolution was simulated by integrating cohesive zone modeling with ductile fracture criteria. The crack formation mechanism was identified to be caused by interfacial debonding-induced microvoid nucleation and coalescence. Crack extension was effectively impeded by SP particles, correlating with improved material elongation. Therefore, a computational framework was established for elucidating microstructure-property relationships in particle-reinforced electrical contact materials.

Ag/SnO2电触点材料中SnO2颗粒的颗粒特征（形状、大小和质量分数）决定了其复杂的力学响应，这是传统实验方法无法完全表征的。本文采用有限元模型来揭示Ag/SnO2中基体与颗粒之间的内在耦合。基于实验导出的微观结构数据，构建了具有代表性的体积元（RVE）模型，系统分析了不同几何参数和质量分数下的变形机制、界面脱粘现象和裂纹扩展路径。主要研究结果表明，短棱柱状（SP）颗粒优化了强度-塑性平衡，而长棱柱状（LP）颗粒以牺牲塑性为代价增强了载荷传递。在颗粒形状复杂性和尺寸控制之间取得平衡成为提高机械性能的关键策略。将内聚区模型与韧性断裂准则相结合，模拟了损伤的渐进演化过程。裂纹的形成机制是由界面脱粘引起的微孔成核和聚并引起的。SP颗粒有效地抑制了裂纹扩展，从而提高了材料的伸长率。因此，建立了一个计算框架来阐明颗粒增强电接触材料的微观结构-性能关系。

Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids

ENNStressNet - An Unsupervised Equilibrium-Based Neural Network for End-to-End Stress Mapping in Elastoplastic Solids

Lingfeng Li, Shun Li, Huajian Gao, Changqing Chen

doi:10.1016/j.jmps.2025.106117

基于无监督平衡的弹塑性固体端到端应力映射神经网络

Determining internal stress and strain fields in solid structures under external loads has been a central focus of continuum mechanics, playing a critical role in characterizing the mechanical behaviors and properties of both engineering and biological systems. With advancements in modern optical and electron microscopy techniques, strain fields can now be directly measured using sophisticated methods such as digital image correlation and digital volume correlation. However, direct measurement of stress fields remains limited to simple cases, such as photoelastic tests and standard uniaxial or shear tests. For elastoplastic solids, which exhibit complex irreversible and history-dependent deformations, stress fields are typically inferred through numerical calculations based on empirical constitutive models that are not always reliable or even available. Here, we introduce an unsupervised equilibrium-based neural network (ENN) that is trained using readily measurable strain fields and forces from a single specimen to directly predict the internal stress field. The ENN's structure aligns with the general framework of the incremental theory of elastoplasticity, without requiring prior knowledge of its detailed mathematical form. Once trained, the ENN, referred to as ENNStressNet, serves as an end-to-end stress mapper, enabling the direct determination of stress fields from measured strain fields in elastoplastic solids with arbitrary geometries and under various external loads. This approach thus bypasses the need for constitutive modeling and numerical simulations in conventional engineering analysis.

确定固体结构在外部载荷作用下的内应力和应变场一直是连续介质力学的中心焦点，在表征工程和生物系统的力学行为和特性方面起着至关重要的作用。随着现代光学和电子显微镜技术的进步，现在可以使用数字图像相关和数字体积相关等复杂方法直接测量应变场。然而，直接测量应力场仍然局限于简单的情况，如光弹性试验和标准单轴或剪切试验。对于表现出复杂不可逆和历史相关变形的弹塑性固体，通常通过基于经验本构模型的数值计算来推断应力场，这些模型并不总是可靠的，甚至是可用的。在这里，我们引入了一种基于无监督平衡的神经网络（ENN），该网络使用易于测量的应变场和来自单个试件的力进行训练，以直接预测内部应力场。ENN的结构与弹塑性增量理论的总体框架一致，不需要事先了解其详细的数学形式。经过训练后，ENN（称为en应力网）可以作为端到端应力映射器，通过测量任意几何形状和各种外部载荷下的弹塑性固体的应变场，直接确定应力场。因此，这种方法绕过了传统工程分析中本构建模和数值模拟的需要。

Mechanics of Materials

High speed investigation of spatio-temporal localization of plastic deformation and fracture of notched Al-Mg specimens exhibiting intermittent plasticity

M.F. Gasanov, A.A. Denisov, A.A. Shibkov, A.E. Zolotov, S.S. Kochegarov

doi:10.1016/j.mechmat.2025.105331

断续塑性缺口Al-Mg试样塑性变形与断裂时空定位的高速研究

Intermittent plasticity, known as the Portevin-Le Chatelier (PLC) effect and the yield point phenomenon, is a striking example of unstable mechanical behavior of metals and alloys caused by localization of plastic deformation within the PLC and Lüders bands. In present work dynamics and morphology these bands in notched specimens of an AlMg6 (AA5059) commercial alloy under stress-rate controlled tensile tests was investigated. The strain and force responses to the formation and propagation of deformation bands were measured synchronously with high-speed video recording of the specimen surface with a time resolution of 0.2 ms. The results show that the notch is an attractor of deformation bands from the Lüders band to the neck. The notch reduces the effective size of the gauge part of the specimen to a value comparable to the width of the specimen and causes premature sudden failure, reducing the resource of strength and ductility of the alloy. The deformation bands generated by the notch tip cause strain jumps, i.e. steps in the stress-strain curve and stress drops in the complex structure of the force response. It was established that the local rate of plastic deformation in the Lüders band and the PLC band exceeds the average strain rate of the specimen by 3 and 3.5 orders of magnitude, respectively. The spatial statistical distribution of the bands has a sharp maximum in the section along which the main crack will pass. It is a shear crack (type II) that propagates viscously at a velocity of several m/s along the PLC band in the neck structure. Before the rupture the moments of PLC band nucleation self-organize into time sequence that obeys an exponential law. The role of Lüders and subsequent PLC bands in the mechanism of neck formation and failure of a notched specimen is discussed.

间歇性塑性，被称为波特文-勒夏特列（PLC）效应和屈服点现象，是由PLC和l<s:1> ders带内塑性变形局部化引起的金属和合金不稳定力学行为的一个显著例子。本文研究了AlMg6 （AA5059）工业合金缺口试样在应力速率控制拉伸试验中的工作动力学和形貌。采用时间分辨率为0.2 ms的高速录像同步测量了变形带形成和扩展过程中的应变和力响应。结果表明，缺口是由<s:1> ders带向颈部变形带的吸引子。缺口使试样规范部分的有效尺寸减小到与试样宽度相当的值，并导致过早的突然破坏，降低了合金的强度和延展性。缺口尖端产生的变形带在力响应的复杂结构中引起应变跳变，即应力-应变曲线的阶跃和应力下降。结果表明，l<s:1> ders带和PLC带的局部塑性变形速率分别超过试样的平均应变速率3和3.5个数量级。带的空间统计分布在主裂纹通过的截面上有一个明显的最大值。这是一种剪切裂纹（II型），沿着颈部结构的PLC带以几米/秒的速度粘性传播。断裂前PLC带形核矩自组织成服从指数规律的时间序列。本文讨论了l<s:1> ders和随后的PLC条带在缺口试样颈部形成和破坏机制中的作用。

A Constitutive Model for Cemented-Sand-Gravel (CSG) Materials Based on Strength Characteristics.

Yingli Wu, Honglei Ren, Wei Li, Peiran Jing, Wanli Guo

doi:10.1016/j.mechmat.2025.105313

基于强度特性的水泥砂砾材料本构模型。

As a novel dam type with numerous advantages, the cemented sand and gravel (CSG) dam is increasingly crucial in water conservancy engineering construction. Extensive triaxial shear tests were conducted on specimens with varying confining pressures and gel contents to investigate the intricate mechanical properties of the CSG. Subsequently, a suitable strength criterion and constitutive model for CSG were established. The results indicated that (1) CSG exhibits certain cementation and structural characteristics, displaying significant strain softening, strong shear dilatancy, and other macroscopic mechanical properties. (2) A shear strength criterion based on binary medium theory was developed to describe strength evolution in different gel contents. (3) The shear strength criterion was judiciously transformed into the constitutive model's shear yield surface while considering the material's tensile properties based on the modified Cam-Clay model to obtain the volumetric yield surface. Additionally, the constitutive model focuses on delineating strain softening and strong shear dilatancy of CSG. (4) The stiffness matrix of the constitutive model was derived under general stress conditions with proven good fitting effects during triaxial shear testing of CSG. These findings provide enhanced theoretical guidance for stress-deformation calculations related to CSG dams.

胶结砂石坝作为一种具有诸多优点的新型坝型，在水利工程建设中发挥着越来越重要的作用。对不同围压和凝胶含量的试样进行了广泛的三轴剪切试验，以研究CSG复杂的力学特性。在此基础上，建立了适用于混凝土混凝土的强度准则和本构模型。结果表明：(1)CSG具有一定的胶结和结构特征，表现出明显的应变软化、强剪切剪胀等宏观力学性能。(2)建立了基于二元介质理论的抗剪强度准则，描述了不同凝胶含量下的强度演化。(3)基于修正的Cam-Clay模型，将抗剪强度准则合理转化为本构模型的抗剪屈服面，同时考虑材料的抗拉性能，得到体积屈服面。此外，本构模型着重刻画了土基的应变软化和强剪胀性。(4)推导了一般应力条件下的本构模型刚度矩阵，经CSG三轴剪切试验证明拟合效果良好。这些发现为CSG坝的应力变形计算提供了理论指导。

International Journal of Plasticity

Size-dependent mechanical behaviors and mechanisms in CoCrFeNi microfibers

Le Bo, Xiaoyu Gao, Wenjing Song, Zhiliang Ning, Jianfei Sun, Alfonso H.W. Ngan, Yongjiang Huang

doi:10.1016/j.ijplas.2025.104307

CoCrFeNi微纤维的尺寸依赖性力学行为和机制

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) exhibit a wide diversity of crystalline defects for property control. Fabricating HEAs in microfiber forms further enhances property controllability due to intrinsic and extrinsic size effects. In this study, CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy microfibers with 30–100 μm diameters (D) and grain sizes (d) of 2.1–60.6 μm, were obtained through drawing, electric current annealing, and electropolishing, and subjected to uniaxial tensile testing. As D/d > 3, the yield strength obeys the Hall-Petch relation concerning d and a smaller-is-weaker effect or is insensitive to D. When D/d < 3, the yield strength deviates positively from the Hall-Petch relationship with respect to d and a smaller-is-stronger effect to D. The D/d > 3 behavior is due to grain boundary strengthening and surface-grain softening, while the D/d < 3 behavior is driven by reduced dislocation accumulation and size effects influenced by the limited number of grains spanning the diameter. These findings illustrate that in small-diameter microfibers, strengthening and weakening mechanisms intertwine to yield complex size effects, thus offering the potential to tailor the mechanical properties of micro-sized polycrystalline components through grain-size control and external-size adjustment.

高熵合金（HEAs）表现出多种多样的晶体缺陷以控制其性能。由于内因和外因尺寸效应，在超细纤维中制备HEAs进一步提高了性能的可控性。本研究通过拉伸、电流退火和电抛光得到直径30 ~ 100 μm、晶粒尺寸2.1 ~ 60.6 μm的CoCrFeNi高熵合金微纤维，并进行单轴拉伸试验。当D/ D < 3时，屈服强度对D服从Hall-Petch关系，且对D的影响越小越弱或对D不敏感。当D/ D < 3时，屈服强度对D服从Hall-Petch关系，对D服从越小越强的影响。而D/ D < 3行为是由位错积累减少和有限晶粒数量影响的尺寸效应驱动的。这些发现表明，在小直径微纤维中，强化和弱化机制相互交织，产生复杂的尺寸效应，从而提供了通过粒度控制和外部尺寸调节来定制微尺寸多晶组分力学性能的潜力。

Thin-Walled Structures

Collapse Behavior and Resistance Mechanisms of Steel Modular Buildings with Corrugated Walls: Experimental, Numerical, and Analytical Insights

Jing-Zhou Zhang, Xiao Lin, Wen-Jin Zhang, Zhi-Wei Yu

doi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113157

带有波纹墙的钢模块建筑的倒塌行为和阻力机制：实验、数值和分析见解

This paper investigates the collapse behavior and resistance mechanisms of steel modular buildings (SMBs) with corrugated steel walls under the scenario of two edge module loss. The study employs experimental methods to examine critical aspects of the specimen, including failure modes, load-displacement behavior, wall deformations, structural component displacements, and strain development in beams and columns. A validated finite element model is utilized to further explore the contributions of wall panels to structural collapse resistance and to evaluate the influence of wall corrugation configurations on the load-bearing capacity of SMBs. Based on the experimental findings, a simplified analytical method is proposed to estimate the specimen's peak load. The results indicate that the load-displacement response progresses through four distinct stages, with the peak load reaching approximately 2.2 times the yield load. After wall failure, the structural resistance initially decreases but subsequently recovers due to the catenary action in the short module beams. The final failure mode is characterized by the separation of the short wall panel from the module frame, tensile failure in the long wall panel, and flange fracture in the short beam. During large deformations, compression between the two adjacent long beams results in a final relative displacement of approximately 12 mm. Both short and long wall panels contribute significantly to the collapse resistance during small deformations, each accounting for over 40%. However, as displacement increases, the short wall panel's contribution becomes dominant due to the stronger restraints provided by the module frame.

本文研究了两边模组损失情况下波纹钢墙体钢构件的倒塌行为及抗力机制。该研究采用实验方法来检查试件的关键方面，包括破坏模式、荷载-位移行为、墙体变形、结构部件位移以及梁和柱的应变发展。利用经过验证的有限元模型，进一步探讨了墙板对结构抗倒塌的贡献，并评估了墙体波纹构型对中小板承载能力的影响。根据试验结果，提出了一种简化的分析方法来估计试件的峰值荷载。结果表明，荷载-位移响应经历了四个不同的阶段，峰值荷载达到屈服荷载的约2.2倍。墙体破坏后，由于短模梁的悬链线作用，结构阻力先减小后恢复。最终破坏模式为短墙板与模块框架分离、长墙板受拉破坏、短梁法兰断裂。在大变形期间，两个相邻长梁之间的压缩导致最终相对位移约为12毫米。短墙板和长墙板对小变形时的抗倒塌能力都有显著贡献，各占40%以上。然而，随着位移的增加，由于模块框架提供了更强的约束，短墙板的贡献成为主导。

Experimental Study of LSF truss floor-ceiling systems made of top hat sections

Gihan Ranasinghe, Son Tung Vy, Mahen Mahendran, Anthony Ariyanayagam

doi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113193

大礼帽截面LSF桁架楼板-顶棚体系试验研究

Light gauge steel framed (LSF) floor-ceiling systems, which employ cold-formed steel (CFS) joists, offer high strength, fast construction and cost-effectiveness. CFS trusses are examples of such joists with several advantages over conventional lipped channel joists. However, limited research exists on LSF truss floor-ceiling systems made of top hat sections, despite their popularity. This study addressed this gap by examining the flexural behaviour of LSF truss floor-ceiling systems made of top hat sections through a series of four-point bending tests. The experiments were conducted with variations in support conditions, truss configurations, top hat thickness, and the types of fasteners used in web-to-chord connections. Test results highlighted the complex failure mechanisms of top hat trusses, including early local buckling failures at the removed lips and edge stiffeners near the ends of diagonal web members. The use of nylon spacers and additional screws to the bolt connections proved effective in delaying early web member failures. Tested trusses did not fail abruptly, instead, the loads were redistributed to other members, resulting in higher ultimate failure loads. A comparison with the current truss design method which is based on elastic analysis to determine member forces and the direct strength method (DSM) to calculate member capacities showed that this approach overestimates the truss failure loads, particularly where web-to-chord connections had only one bolt. This research underscores the need to consider combined compression-bending actions when designing web members with eccentric connections and to strengthen these connections to prevent or delay early local buckling failures. It also highlights the importance of considering the unlipped portion of web members at connections when designing top hat trusses and provides design recommendations for top hat truss floor systems.

轻钢框架（LSF）地板-天花板系统，采用冷弯型钢（CFS）托梁，提供高强度，快速施工和成本效益。CFS桁架是此类托梁的例子，具有优于传统唇形通道托梁的几个优点。然而，尽管LSF桁架地板-天花板系统很受欢迎，但研究有限。本研究通过一系列四点弯曲试验，通过检查由大礼帽部分组成的LSF桁架地板-天花板系统的弯曲行为，解决了这一差距。实验是在不同的支撑条件下进行的，桁架结构，大礼帽厚度，以及在网弦连接中使用的紧固件类型。试验结果强调了高帽桁架的复杂破坏机制，包括在移除的唇部和靠近对角腹板末端的边缘加强筋处的早期局部屈曲破坏。事实证明，在螺栓连接中使用尼龙垫片和额外的螺钉可以有效地延迟腹板构件的早期失效。测试桁架没有突然失效，相反，荷载被重新分配给其他构件，导致更高的极限破坏荷载。与现有的基于弹性分析确定构件受力和直接强度法计算构件承载力的桁架设计方法相比，该方法高估了桁架的破坏荷载，特别是在只有一个螺栓的桁-弦连接中。这项研究强调了在设计带有偏心连接的腹板构件时，需要考虑联合压缩弯曲作用，并加强这些连接，以防止或延迟早期局部屈曲失效。它还强调了在设计顶帽桁架时考虑连接处腹板构件的非唇部的重要性，并为顶帽桁架地板系统提供了设计建议。

A deep learning approach to impact localization and uncertainty assessment in CFRP composites using sparse PZTs: integrating experiments and simulations

Huai Yan, Weihua Xie, Bo Gao, Fan Yang, Songhe Meng

doi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113143

基于稀疏PZTs的CFRP复合材料冲击定位和不确定性评估的深度学习方法：整合实验和模拟

The propagation of elastic waves in CFRP composites is dispersive and multimodal, making impact localization using wave signals challenging. An end-to-end deep learning model with an encoder-decoder architecture was developed for impact localization in CFRP composites, using sparse piezoelectric ceramic transducer (PZT) arrays and a data-driven approach to enable online impact sensing. The model used a segmented training strategy and transfer learning to capture shared features between experimental and simulated data. According to the piezoelectric equation, it links experimental piezoelectric signals with simulated stress responses. The results show that the feature encoder trained can extract their shared features effectively. Meanwhile, the model successfully applied the laws from simulation data to the localization of experimental impacts based on the fine-tuning strategy, alleviating the challenge of limited experimental data. The prediction results in the test set show that good generalization, and impact localization can be achieved in milliseconds during inference. The average error in localization is only 3.42 mm over a 100 mm × 100 mm monitoring area. Compared to the traditional transfer strategy, the three-stage training proposed shows better generalization by constraining the encoded features. In addition, the Monte-Carlo dropout strategy is used to assess prediction uncertainty, analyzing the effects of dropout rate and repeated predictions on confidence intervals. The study provides a prospective solution for large CFRP structures to achieve fast localization of impacts under sparse PZT arrays.

弹性波在CFRP复合材料中的传播具有弥散性和多模态，这使得使用波信号进行冲击定位具有挑战性。采用稀疏压电陶瓷传感器（PZT）阵列和数据驱动方法，开发了具有编码器-解码器架构的端到端深度学习模型，用于CFRP复合材料的冲击定位。该模型使用分段训练策略和迁移学习来捕获实验数据和模拟数据之间的共享特征。根据压电方程，将实验压电信号与模拟应力响应联系起来。实验结果表明，所训练的特征编码器能够有效地提取它们的共享特征。同时，该模型基于微调策略成功地将仿真数据的规律应用于实验冲击的定位，缓解了实验数据有限的挑战。测试集的预测结果表明，在推理过程中，可以在毫秒内实现良好的泛化和冲击定位。在100 mm × 100 mm监测区域内，定位误差平均仅为3.42 mm。与传统的迁移策略相比，所提出的三阶段训练通过对编码特征的约束，具有更好的泛化效果。此外，采用蒙特卡罗辍学策略评估预测不确定性，分析辍学率和重复预测对置信区间的影响。该研究为大型CFRP结构在稀疏PZT阵列下实现冲击的快速定位提供了一个有前景的解决方案。

Wave propagation characteristics in incompressible hyperelastic multi-layered cylindrical shells based on the shell theory

Famida Fallah, Zahra Dehghanian, GholamHossein Farrahi

doi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113191

基于壳理论的不可压缩超弹性多层圆柱壳中的波传播特性

In this study, based on the incremental theory of nonlinear elasticity, linearized form of the constitutive equation and a higher-order normal and shear deformable theory (HNSDT), small-amplitude wave propagation superimposed on pre-stressed incompressible hyperelastic shells is studied. The displacement field components and hydrostatic pressure are expanded in the thickness direction in terms of the Legendre polynomials of order K. Employing the Hamilton's principle and incremental theory, 3(K+1) motion equations are derived and solved along with the (K+1) incompressibility conditions. The dispersion curves are presented for different orders of theory and for both axisymmetric and non-axisymmetric cases. The results are compared and verified with those available in the literature. The effects of different parameters including the homogenous pre-stretch, the thickness to radius ratio of the shell and the number of circumferential waves on the dispersion curves of different wave modes are discussed for single-, two-, and three-layer shells. The results indicate that for the lowest non-axisymmetric wave motion in a hyperelastic shell, the zeroth- and first-order HNSDTs are not accurate enough and at least a second-order theory should be used. The combination of equivalent single-layer theory and incremental theory significantly simplifies the analysis of small-amplitude wave propagation in multi-layered soft materials.

在本研究中，基于非线性弹性增量理论、本构方程的线性化形式以及高阶正交和剪切变形理论（HNSDT），对预应力不可压缩超弹性壳体上叠加的小振幅波传播进行了研究。位移场分量和静水压力沿厚度方向用 K 阶勒让德多项式展开。利用哈密顿原理和增量理论，推导并求解了 3(K+1) 个运动方程以及 (K+1) 个不可压缩条件。给出了不同理论阶数以及轴对称和非轴对称情况下的色散曲线。将结果与文献中的结果进行了比较和验证。讨论了不同参数（包括均匀预拉伸、壳体厚度与半径之比以及周向波数）对单层、双层和三层壳体不同波模态色散曲线的影响。结果表明，对于超弹性壳体中的最低非轴对称波运动，零阶和一阶的 HNSDT 理论不够准确，至少应采用二阶理论。等效单层理论与增量理论的结合显著简化了多层软材料中小振幅波传播的分析。

Characterization of the debris clouds produced by hypervelocity oblique impact of spherical projectiles on honeycomb sandwich shields

Ying Chen, Qi-Guang He, Qun-Yi Tang, Lv-Tan Chen, Xiao-Wei Chen

doi:10.1016/j.tws.2025.113192

球形弹丸在蜂窝夹层护盾上超高速斜撞击产生的碎片云特征

The protective capabilities of honeycomb sandwich shields are closely related to their unique core structure. When a projectile obliquely impacts the shield at hypervelocity, the radial multilayer foils can effectively break the projectile through multiple impacts, thereby reducing the impact momentum of the debris on the rear panel and absorbing the main impact energy. In this study, we employed the finite element-smooth particle hydrodynamics adaptive method to replicate experiments on the oblique hypervelocity impacts of spherical projectiles on homogeneous aluminum plates and honeycomb sandwich shields. Based on both the experimental and simulation results, we described the evolution of the debris cloud. In addition, we analyzed the distribution characteristics of the debris cloud and modeled the structural characteristics corresponding to the oblique impacts of spherical projectiles on different protective structures. We also analyzed how the honeycomb core influences the debris cloud during oblique impact to define the failure modes of the front and rear panels as well as the honeycomb core materials. Furthermore, we define the different stages in which damage occurs and examine the response processes for the honeycomb sandwich shields. These findings can serve as a reference for optimizing the design of protective structures.

蜂窝夹层盾的防护能力与其独特的核心结构密切相关。当弹丸以超高速斜撞防护罩时，径向多层箔片可以通过多次撞击有效地将弹丸击破，从而减小后面板碎片的冲击动量，吸收主冲击能量。在本研究中，我们采用有限元-光滑粒子流体力学自适应方法对球面弹丸在均匀铝板和蜂窝夹层板上的斜超高速撞击进行了重复实验。根据实验和模拟结果，描述了碎片云的演化过程。此外，我们还分析了碎片云的分布特征，并模拟了球形弹丸斜向撞击不同防护结构所对应的结构特征。我们还分析了斜碰撞时蜂窝芯对碎片云的影响，以确定前后面板以及蜂窝芯材料的破坏模式。此外，我们定义了损伤发生的不同阶段，并研究了蜂窝夹层盾构的响应过程。研究结果可为防护结构的优化设计提供参考。