【新文速递】2024年12月4日复合材料SCI期刊最新文章

今日更新：Composite Structures 3 篇，Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2 篇，Composites Part B: Engineering 6 篇，Composites Science and Technology 1 篇

Composite Structures

Adaptive phase-field modeling for brittle fracture in isotropic/orthotropic piezoelectric materials using multi-patch isogeometric analysis

Haozhi Li, Zhaowei Liu, Tiantang Yu, Leilei Chen

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2024.118754

基于多片等几何分析的各向同性/正交异性压电材料脆性断裂自适应相场建模

In this paper, an adaptive multi-patch isogeometric phase-field model is presented for brittle fracture in isotropic/orthotropic piezoelectric materials. The polynomial splines over hierarchical T-meshes (PHT-splines) functions are employed to represent both geometry and field variables. Nitsche’s method provides the continuity of all field variables, including displacement, electric potential, and phase-field at the coupling edge. The local refinement uses a mesh refinement strategy determined by a user-defined threshold for the phase-field variable. An approach that integrates hybrid formulation with staggered solving is utilized for the numerical implementation. The proposed method’s accuracy, reliability, and robustness are demonstrated using several fracture simulations, including tensile tests of rectangular and grooved ceramic plates with an edge crack, plate with a single hole, porous plate, and ceramic laminate with different material orientations.

本文提出了一种适用于各向同性/正交异性压电材料脆性断裂的自适应多片等几何相场模型。采用分层t -网格（pht -样条）函数上的多项式样条来表示几何变量和场变量。Nitsche的方法提供了所有场变量的连续性，包括耦合边缘的位移、电势和相场。局部细化使用由相场变量的用户定义阈值确定的网格细化策略。采用混合公式与交错求解相结合的方法进行数值求解。通过对带边缘裂纹的矩形和沟槽陶瓷板、单孔陶瓷板、多孔陶瓷板和不同材料取向的陶瓷层压板进行拉伸试验，验证了该方法的准确性、可靠性和鲁棒性。

Stability and bifurcation analysis of simply supported rectangular nanoplate embedded on visco-Pasternak foundation based on first-order shear deformation theory

Jan Awrejcewicz, Grzegorz Kudra, Olga Mazur

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2024.118728

基于一阶剪切变形理论的粘滞-帕斯捷尔纳克地基上简支矩形纳米板稳定性及分岔分析

Vibrations of simply supported nanoplates embedded on visco-Pasternak foundation and stressed by in-plane periodic forces are investigated. The governing size-dependent equations employ the first-order shear deformation theory, nonlinear von Kármán strains, and the nonlocal elasticity theory. Reducing the governing system is carried out by the Bubnov-Galerkin method, which is based on two-mode model, thus the resulting system contains two ordinary differential equations with size- and time-dependent coefficients. Analysing the linearized system, the stability of the nanoplate structure is studied depending on the foundation parameters, force parameters and small-scale parameter. Nonlinear dynamics approaches are employed to determine the nature of vibration after the loss of stability. Time history, Poincare section, Lyapunov exponent are analysed for chosen values of excitation parameters, visco-Pasternak foundation parameters to indicate small-scale effects and nonlinear effects. The novelty of the work consists of the combined application of the nonlocal theory, first-order shear deformation theory, Floquet theory, methods of nonlinear dynamics and obtaining new results by a numerical experiment.

研究了嵌固在黏性帕斯捷尔纳克基础上的简支纳米板在面内周期性应力作用下的振动问题。控制尺寸相关方程采用一阶剪切变形理论、非线性von Kármán应变和非局部弹性理论。采用基于双模模型的布布诺夫-伽辽金方法对控制系统进行约简，得到的系统包含两个具有尺寸和时间相关系数的常微分方程。通过对线性化系统的分析，研究了纳米板结构在基础参数、力参数和小尺度参数下的稳定性。采用非线性动力学方法确定失稳后的振动性质。选取激励参数、粘滞-帕斯捷尔纳克基础参数值，分析其时程、庞加莱剖面和李亚普诺夫指数，以反映小尺度效应和非线性效应。本文的新颖之处在于将非局部理论、一阶剪切变形理论、Floquet理论和非线性动力学方法相结合，并通过数值实验得到了新的结果。

Multi-scale finite element analysis of the strengthening and damage behavior of carbides with different characteristics in nickel-based superalloys

Qin Wang, Furong Liu, Jinxia Song, Yongwang Kang, Yuhong Wu, Dinggang Wang, Chengbo Xiao

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2024.118761

不同特征碳化物在镍基高温合金中的强化与损伤行为的多尺度有限元分析

This study proposes a novel multi-scale numerical approach to explore the mechanical behavior and damage evolution in nickel (Ni)-based superalloys containing various carbide particles. At the nanoscale, the elastic properties of two distinct carbides are determined using first-principles calculations. At the microscale, finite element simulations (FEM) in ABAQUS are used to analyze the stress–strain relationship and local stress distribution within a three-dimensional representative volume element, as well as damage and fracture behavior. The model integrates the elastic–plastic response of the Ni matrix, the elastic-brittle fracture of micro-scale carbides, and the interface behavior between carbide and matrix. FEM findings are consistent with tensile test data, indicating that skeletal carbide promotes plasticity while blocky carbide elevates strength. The interface between blocky carbide and matrix is susceptible to cracking. When the carbide is oriented at 45° to the load direction, offering a balance of strength and plasticity. Stress concentration is reduced when carbides are uniformly distributed and present in high-volume fractions. The numerical method is well-suited for a thorough analysis of the comprehensive behavior of reinforced phase/metal-matrix composites.

本研究提出了一种新的多尺度数值方法来研究含不同碳化物颗粒的镍基高温合金的力学行为和损伤演变。在纳米尺度上，使用第一性原理计算确定了两种不同碳化物的弹性特性。在微观尺度上，采用ABAQUS软件进行有限元模拟，分析三维代表性体积单元内的应力-应变关系、局部应力分布以及损伤断裂行为。该模型综合考虑了Ni基体的弹塑性响应、微尺度碳化物的弹脆断裂以及碳化物与基体的界面行为。有限元分析结果与拉伸试验数据一致，表明骨骼碳化物提高塑性，块状碳化物提高强度。块状碳化物与基体之间的界面容易开裂。当碳化物取向与载荷方向呈45°时，提供了强度和塑性的平衡。当碳化物均匀分布并以高体积分数存在时，应力集中降低。该数值方法适合于对增强相/金属基复合材料的综合性能进行深入分析。

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Implications of end cooling rates on the Mechanical, Viscoelastic, and interlaminar fracture properties of the unidirectional glass Fiber/Epoxy composites

Manzoore Elahi M. Soudagar, M.A. Umarfarooq, P.S. Shivakumar Gouda, NR Banapurmath, N.A. Abu Osman, S. Ramesh, Ashok M Sajjan, Hua-Rong Wei, Yasser Fouad, Sagar Shelare, Shubham Sharma, Dražan Kozak, Jasmina Lozanovic, Teku Kalyani, Yashwant Singh Bisht

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108631

末端冷却速率对单向玻璃纤维/环氧复合材料力学、粘弹性和层间断裂性能的影响

This research explores the impact of different end cooling rates on the mechanical, viscoelastic, and fracture properties of Glass Epoxy (GE) composites. Unidirectional (UD) glass fiber and epoxy resin were utilized to prepare composite laminates, subjected to three distinct end cooling conditions (slow cooling, air cooling and fast cooling). The composites were characterized through tensile, flexural, viscoelastic, interlaminar shear strength (ILSS), mode I and II fracture tests. Results revealed a higher degree of cure in slow cooled samples (87.23 %) compared to air cooled (85.11 %) and fast cooled specimens (81.56 %). Results also revealed that cooling rates significantly influenced the mechanical, viscoelastic and fracture properties, with higher cooling rates improving ILSS(38.92 MPa to 46.31 MPa), mode I (256.28 J/m2 to 373.85 J/m2) and mode II (1044.19 J/m2 to1151.85 J/m2) interlaminar fracture toughness (ILFT). Tensile strength, modulus and strain at break was found to decrease with higher cooling rates. End rate of cooling (ROC) had limited effect on the flexural strength and modulus. Varied end cooling rates significantly influence the fracture behavior of glass fiber-reinforced epoxy composites under mode I and mode II loading as evidenced by SEM analysis, with fast-cooled composites exhibiting better fiber–matrix interfacial bonding and higher delamination resistance compared to other composites.

本研究探讨了不同端部冷却速率对环氧玻璃（GE）复合材料力学、粘弹性和断裂性能的影响。采用单向玻璃纤维和环氧树脂制备复合层压板，分别进行慢冷、空冷和快冷三种不同的端冷条件。通过拉伸、弯曲、粘弹性、层间剪切强度（ILSS）、I型和II型断裂试验对复合材料进行了表征。结果表明，与风冷（85.11 %）和快速冷却（81.56 %）相比，慢冷试样的固化程度（87.23 %）更高。结果还表明，冷却速率显著影响力学、粘弹性和断裂性能，较高的冷却速率提高了ILSS（38.92 MPa至46.31 MPa）、I模式（256.28 J/m2至373.85 J/m2）和II模式（1044.19 J/m2至1151.85 J/m2）的层间断裂韧性（ILFT）。拉伸强度、模量和断裂应变随冷却速率的增加而降低。终止冷却速率（ROC）对抗弯强度和模量的影响有限。SEM分析表明，不同的端部冷却速率显著影响玻璃纤维增强环氧复合材料在I型和II型载荷下的断裂行为，与其他复合材料相比，快速冷却的复合材料表现出更好的纤维-基体界面结合和更高的抗分层能力。

Silane-modified cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) based natural rubber composites

Ewomazino Ojogbo, Costas Tzoganakis, Tizazu H. Mekonnen

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108632

硅烷改性纤维素纳米晶体（cnc）基天然橡胶复合材料

This research explored the use of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) modified with 3-isocyanotopropyltriethoxysilane (IPTS) as a reinforcing agent of natural rubber (NR). A single-step heterogeneous reaction was employed to modify the surface hydroxyl (OH) groups of the CNC using IPTS. Various characterizations were employed to evaluate the surface modification of CNCs. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) showed 18 % reduction in crystallinity demonstrated the preservation of the crystal structure of the modified CNC, while an increase in the contact angle verified the altered polarity. Subsequently, nanocomposites of NR- modified CNCs (mCNC) were fabricated, and resulted showed that the CNC modification significantly enhanced the interaction between CNCs and NR, leading to reduced cure time, ease of processibility, and improved mechanical properties with a 71 % increase in tensile strength. The findings highlighted the effectiveness of CNCs modification in enhancing the properties of NR nanocomposites and provide valuable insights into the optimal loading concentration for effective reinforcement.

本研究探讨了用3-异氰基丙基三乙氧基硅烷（IPTS）改性的纤维素纳米晶（CNC）作为天然橡胶（NR）补强剂的应用。采用单步非均相反应，利用IPTS对CNC表面羟基（OH）进行修饰。采用各种表征方法对cnc的表面改性进行了评价。x射线衍射（XRD）显示，结晶度降低了18% %，表明改性CNC的晶体结构得到了保留，而接触角的增加证实了极性的改变。随后，制备了NR改性的纳米复合材料（mCNC），结果表明，CNC改性显著增强了CNC与NR之间的相互作用，从而缩短了固化时间，易于加工，提高了力学性能，拉伸强度提高了71% %。研究结果强调了CNCs改性在增强NR纳米复合材料性能方面的有效性，并为有效增强的最佳加载浓度提供了有价值的见解。

Composites Part B: Engineering

Full-field investigation of dissipative mechanisms and thermoelastic inversion effects within glass-fiber reinforced polyamides subjected to low-cycle fatigue

A. Benaarbia, A. Chrysochoos

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.111990

低周疲劳下玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺耗散机制及热弹性反转效应的现场研究

A comprehensive thermomechanical investigation has been conducted to study the local kinematic and calorimetric responses of wet glass-fiber reinforced polyamide 6.6 subjected to tensile-tensile low-cycle fatigue tests. Digital image correlation (DIC) and quantitative infrared thermography (QIRT) were combined simultaneously to monitor the onset and development of spatial heterogeneities. Fields of strain, strain rates, intrinsic dissipation and resulting thermoelastic sources were successively observed and thoroughly analyzed with regards to the main fiber orientation and water content. Areas of precocious heterogeneities were detected from the very beginning of the loading, roughly propagating along the main fiber orientation. A ratcheting effect induced by the positive mean stress was observed and accompanied by a slight cyclic creep of the specimens. At high water content, the thermoelastic inversion phenomenon appeared and progressively spread along the gage part of the specimen, highlighting both glassy and rubbery behavior of the samples investigated.

对湿法玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺6.6在拉伸-拉伸低周疲劳试验中的局部运动学和量热响应进行了全面的热力学研究。同时结合数字图像相关（DIC）和定量红外热像仪（QIRT）来监测空间异质性的发生和发展。依次观察了应变场、应变率场、本征耗散场和由此产生的热弹性源场，并对主要纤维取向和含水量进行了深入分析。从加载的一开始就检测到早熟的非均匀性区域，大致沿着主纤维方向传播。观察到由正平均应力引起的棘轮效应，并伴有轻微的循环蠕变。在高含水量时，热弹性反转现象出现并沿着试样的测量部分逐渐扩散，突出了所研究样品的玻璃和橡胶行为。

Vibration-damping, fire-retardant, smoke-suppressing, and anti-dripping bio-based polyurethane composites enabled by functionalized UiO-66-NH2 nanomaterials

Tianchen Zhang, Yijiao Xue, Fei Song, Zheng Pan, Meng Zhang, Yonghong Zhou

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.112046

功能化UiO-66-NH2纳米材料实现了减振、阻燃、抑烟和防滴的生物基聚氨酯复合材料

As we all know, in the field of safety protection, it is crucial to develop protective materials with fire-retardant and vibration-damping properties. However, it is a challenging task to integrate different properties into a single polymer. To meet this challenge, we successfully developed a functionalized nano flame retardant (UiO-66-NH2@DOPO) by modifying UiO-66-NH2 with 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO). This flame retardant was then incorporated into a porous polyurethane foam (MPUF) synthesized from a bio-based polyol, resulting in a bio-based MPUF composite with excellent vibration-damping, fire-retardant, smoke-suppressing, and anti-dripping properties. Due to the intumescent fire-retardant system formed by UiO-66-NH2 and DOPO, when the additional amount of UiO-66-NH2@DOPO reached 25%, the LOI value of the MPUF composite material was increased to 31.2%, and the total smoke production (TSP) was reduced by 80.64%. In addition, it obtained a V-0 rating in the UL94 test and exhibited excellent anti-dripping properties. In addition, owing to the reinforcement effect and stress dissipation of UiO-66-NH2@DOPO, the MPUF composites exhibited excellent energy dissipation and vibration-damping properties (maximum loss factor of 1.32 at 1.0 Hz). This new bio-based MPUF composite material has broad application prospects. It can become an innovative self-supporting vibration-damping and protective material in sports, transportation, and aerospace.

众所周知，在安全防护领域，开发具有阻燃和减振性能的防护材料是至关重要的。然而，将不同的性能整合到单一聚合物中是一项具有挑战性的任务。为了应对这一挑战，我们用9,10-二氢-9-氧-10-磷菲-10-氧化物（DOPO）修饰UiO-66-NH2，成功开发了一种功能化纳米阻燃剂（UiO-66-NH2@DOPO）。然后将这种阻燃剂掺入由生物基多元醇合成的多孔聚氨酯泡沫（MPUF）中，得到具有优异减振、阻燃、抑烟和防滴性能的生物基MPUF复合材料。由于uuo -66- nh2与DOPO形成膨胀阻燃体系，当UiO-66-NH2@DOPO添加量达到25%时，MPUF复合材料的LOI值提高到31.2%，总产烟量（TSP）降低80.64%。此外，它在UL94测试中获得了V-0等级，并表现出优异的防滴性能。此外，由于UiO-66-NH2@DOPO的增强效应和应力耗散，MPUF复合材料具有优异的能量耗散和减振性能（1.0 Hz时最大损耗因子为1.32）。这种新型生物基MPUF复合材料具有广阔的应用前景。它可以成为一种创新的自支撑减震和保护材料，应用于体育、交通、航天等领域。

Unraveling the Modulation Art of Ordered Nanomesh-Like Hydration Product on Fiber-Cement Interfaces: Insights from Fishing Net Inspiration

Gang Qiao, Yuyang Zhao, Pan Wang, Dongshuai Hou, Binmeng Chen

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.112049

揭示有序纳米网状水化产物在纤维-水泥界面上的调制艺术：来自渔网灵感的见解

The morphology of interface hydration products is crucial as it directly determines the interface mechanics. Inspired by the fishing nets, we employed photo-grafted active copolymer Poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-acrylic acid) on the inert glass fibers. Providing a template for PVP-co-PAA maintains its regulatory capability in cement paste. For the first time, ordered nanomesh-like hydrated calcium silicate (CSH) with average pore diameter of 30 nm are developed in cement paste. The interface strength and energy absorption increased by 90% and 253%, respectively. XPS and SEM revealed that the multi-scale regulation mechanisms originated from the preferential adsorption and stable dispersion of Ca2+ result from the strong electronegativity and steric hindrance of pyrrolidone rings. CSH nuclei (60 nm) dispersed well on fiber templates, stacked along fiber surfaces, without collapse or tilt, intertwined into nanomesh. Nanomesh-like CSH in cement paste holds significant potentials for the improvement of mechanical properties of fiber-cement interfaces, contributing to construction sustainability.

界面水化产物的形貌直接决定了界面的力学性质。受渔网的启发，我们在惰性玻璃纤维上采用了光接枝活性共聚物聚（乙烯吡咯烷酮-共丙烯酸）。为PVP-co-PAA提供了一个模板，保持了其在水泥浆中的调节能力。首次在水泥浆体中制备了平均孔径为30 nm的有序纳米状水化硅酸钙（CSH）。界面强度和吸能分别提高了90%和253%。XPS和SEM分析表明，吡咯烷酮环的强电负性和位阻作用导致Ca2+的优先吸附和稳定分散是其多尺度调控机制的来源。CSH核（60 nm）在纤维模板上分散良好，沿纤维表面堆积，不塌陷或倾斜，缠绕成纳米网。水泥浆体中纳米网状CSH具有显著的改善纤维-水泥界面力学性能的潜力，有助于建筑的可持续性。

High axial compressive strength in 3D-printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastics by controlling printing forces

Naruki Ichihara, Shinnosuke Ohno, Masahito Ueda, Vikram S. Deshpande

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.112052

通过控制打印力，3d打印连续碳纤维增强热塑性塑料具有高轴向抗压强度

Microdefects such as fiber waviness and voids are critical problems in the three-dimensional (3D) printing of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (CFRTPs), degrading their mechanical properties. This work demonstrates that a regularized microstructure can be achieved by controlling printing forces, resulting in high axial compressive strength, nearing theoretical predictions. A proposed 3D-printing mechanism that measures and adjusts printing forces reduced the microdefects, as evidenced by X-ray computed tomography and structure tensor analysis. Compressive tests are performed to evaluate the improvement of microstructures and their mechanical properties because compressive strength is sensitive to microdefects.

纤维波纹和空隙等微缺陷是连续碳纤维增强热塑性塑料（CFRTPs）三维打印中的关键问题，会降低其机械性能。这项工作表明，通过控制印刷力可以实现正则化的微观结构，从而产生高轴向抗压强度，接近理论预测。x射线计算机断层扫描和结构张量分析证明，提出的3d打印机制可以测量和调整打印力，从而减少微缺陷。由于抗压强度对微缺陷很敏感，因此进行压缩试验是为了评估微观组织及其力学性能的改善。

Study of Equi-Energetic Effects on the Low-Velocity Impact and Compression After Impact Response of Carbon Fiber Composite Tube Structures

Jason P. Mack, K.T. Tan

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.112056

等能效应对碳纤维复合材料管结构低速冲击和冲击后压缩响应的影响研究

This study investigates the equi-energetic low-velocity impact (LVI) and compression after impact (CAI) response of tubular CFRP structures. Various layups and geometries are employed to understand the effects of impact energy, configurations, and damage on the CAI behavior. Low mass-high velocity (LMHV) impact results in greater absorbed energy than high mass-low velocity (HMLV). Impact damage formation, especially circumferentially, significantly affects CAI strength. Braided tubes show higher impact resistance, but weaker compressive strength compared to unidirectional/twill tubes. A new analytical model provides accurate prediction of CAI strength. This study emphasizes the importance of impact energy and lay-up configurations in CFRP design.

研究了管状CFRP结构的等能低速冲击（LVI）和冲击后压缩（CAI）响应。采用不同的布局和几何形状来了解冲击能量、结构和损伤对CAI行为的影响。低质量-高速度撞击比高质量-低速度撞击吸收的能量更大。冲击损伤的形成，特别是周向的冲击损伤，显著影响CAI强度。与单向/斜纹管相比，编织管具有更高的抗冲击性，但抗压强度较弱。一个新的分析模型提供了准确的预测CAI强度。本研究强调了冲击能量和叠层结构在碳纤维布设计中的重要性。

Gd(III)-Doped ZnO Nanorods on Chalcogenide-Modified Graphene for Enhanced Voltammetric Detection of Methyl Carbamate

Selva Priya Selvam, Saranvignesh Alagarsamy, Tse-Wei Chen, Shen-Ming Chen, Rasu Ramachandran, Amal M. Al-Mohaimeed, M. Ajmal Ali, Jaysan Yu, Mohamed S. Elshikh

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.112061

硫系修饰石墨烯上Gd（III）掺杂ZnO纳米棒增强氨基甲酸甲酯的伏安检测

Ronidazole (RNZ) is an essential veterinary antibiotic with potential carcinogenic effects. It can persist in the environment, contaminating water sources and entering the human food chain, posing significant health risks. Hence in this study, we synthesized gadolinium-doped zinc oxide (Gd@ZnO) nanorods embedded in sulfur-doped reduced graphene oxide (S-rGO) nanocomposite-based electrochemical sensor, designed to address these concerns. Furthermore, the as-prepared samples were characterized and analyzed using various analytical techniques. As per voltammetric result our proposed Gd@ZnO/S-rGO sensor demonstrates excellent LOD (0.0071 μM, 0.0023 μM), exceptional sensitivity (0.9270 μA μM–1 cm–2, 0.4941 μA μM–1 cm–2) and selectivity towards RNZ, with a wide linear range of detection (0.001 μM - 576.18 μM and 0.001 μM – 438.80 μM). Its efficacy in practicable applicability is further validated through testing with biological (bovine and chicken meat serum) and environmental samples (river water), demonstrating a satisfactory recovery rate of 97 to 101 %. All of the study’s findings show that the proposed sensor’s application is targeted toward monitoring RNZ in environmental water samples and food products, ensuring regulatory compliance and safeguarding public health.

罗硝唑（Ronidazole， RNZ）是一种重要的兽医抗生素，具有潜在的致癌作用。它可以在环境中持续存在，污染水源并进入人类食物链，构成重大健康风险。因此，在本研究中，我们合成了掺杂钆的氧化锌（Gd@ZnO）纳米棒，嵌入在掺杂硫的还原氧化石墨烯（S-rGO）纳米复合材料电化学传感器中，旨在解决这些问题。此外，利用各种分析技术对制备的样品进行了表征和分析。伏安结果表明，Gd@ZnO/S-rGO传感器具有良好的LOD (0.0071 μM, 0.0023 μM)，灵敏度（0.9270 μA μM - 1 cm-2, 0.4941 μA μM - 1 cm-2）和RNZ选择性，具有较宽的线性检测范围（0.001 μM - 576.18 μM和0.001 μM - 438.80 μM）。通过生物样品（牛、鸡肉血清）和环境样品（河水）的测试，进一步验证了其实际适用性的有效性，回收率为97% ~ 101%。所有研究结果表明，该传感器的应用目标是监测环境水样和食品中的RNZ，确保符合法规并保护公众健康。

Composites Science and Technology

Tailoring the interfacial properties of glass fiber-epoxy microcomposites through the development of a self-healing poly(ϵ-caprolactone) coating

L. Simonini, M. Kakkonen, R. Dsouza, M. Kanerva, H. Mahmood, A. Dorigato, A. Pegoretti

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110991

通过开发自修复聚（ϵ-caprolactone）涂层来调整玻璃纤维-环氧微复合材料的界面特性

The aim of this study was the development and characterization of a continuous poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) coating, which was applied on glass fibers by a fluid coating method, in order to tailor the interfacial properties in glass fiber-epoxy microcomposites. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that a uniform coating was formed without noticeable discontinuities or irregularities, and its thickness increased with the deposition speed. To achieve consistent results with this approach, it is essential to consider the homogeneity of the coating thickness, which is influenced by the viscosity of the solution. The PCL-coated fibers were used for the preparation of microcomposites combined with epoxy resin (EP). The samples were tested in the microdebonding configuration to determine the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) and to assess their interfacial self-healing capability. For all deposition speeds, no significant degradation of interfacial adhesion was observed indicating the applicability of PCL coating on glass fibers. However, a decrease in self-healing efficiency was observed after multiple self-healing stages. The possible cause was identified in the progressive alteration of the EP droplet’s shape after repeated microdebonding tests. This phenomenon altered the stress distribution along the fiber-matrix contact area and, therefore, underestimated the values of interfacial adhesion and self-healing efficiency. Hence, the experimental results from microdebonding tests were presented along with a finite element analysis of the interfacial region, in order to provide a comprehensive understanding of the debonding and self-healing mechanisms after multiple repairing steps.

本研究的目的是开发并表征一种连续聚ε-己内酯（PCL）涂层，并采用流体涂层法将其涂覆在玻璃纤维上，以定制玻璃纤维-环氧微复合材料的界面性能。扫描电镜观察发现，镀层形成均匀，无明显的不连续或不规则现象，镀层厚度随沉积速度的增加而增加。为了用这种方法获得一致的结果，必须考虑涂层厚度的均匀性，这受到溶液粘度的影响。采用聚氯乙烯包覆纤维制备环氧树脂复合微复合材料。在微脱粘配置下测试样品，以确定界面剪切强度（IFSS）并评估其界面自愈能力。对于所有的沉积速度，没有观察到界面附着力的显著下降，这表明PCL涂层在玻璃纤维上的适用性。然而，在多个自愈阶段后，观察到自愈效率下降。在反复的微脱粘试验后，在EP液滴形状的渐进式改变中确定了可能的原因。这种现象改变了纤维-基质接触区域的应力分布，因此低估了界面粘附和自愈效率的值。因此，本文将微脱粘实验结果与界面区域的有限元分析相结合，以全面了解多个修复步骤后的脱粘和自修复机制。