【新文速递】2024年3月4日固体力学SCI期刊最新文章

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今日更新：International Journal of Solids and Structures 1 篇，Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids 1 篇，International Journal of Plasticity 1 篇，Thin-Walled Structures 1 篇

International Journal of Solids and Structures

Low velocity impact and compression after impact of thin and thick laminated carbon fiber composite panels

Andrew Seamone, Paul Davidson, Anthony M. Waas, Vipul Ranatunga

doi:10.1016/j.ijsolstr.2024.112745

薄层和厚层碳纤维复合板的低速冲击和冲击后的压缩情况

This study explores the impact behavior of thin and thick composite panels, yielding insights into their behavior under increasing impact energies. Thin composite specimens demonstrated limited surface damage tolerance, while thicker panels remained visually intact but suffered internal damage, adversely affecting their compressive load capacity. The study shows a robust correlation between impact energy and key measurements, including dent depth, bottom surface matrix splitting, and internal delaminations. Moreover, the research identified a consistent pattern in damage initiation, showing that the onset of matrix splitting and delamination remained relatively constant regardless of increasing impact energy, emphasizing the predictability of damage initiation. Compression after impact study showed distinctive responses between thin and thick composites. Thin composites exhibited global buckling before final failure, with a gradual reduction in peak load-carrying capability as damage escalated. In contrast, thick composites suffered substantial damage and delamination at higher impact energies, leading to significant losses, up to 60%, in residual compressive load capacity. The study introduces a simplified quasi-static model to capture delamination effects on panel responses to low-velocity impacts. This study contributes significantly to understanding composite materials’ impact behavior, providing essential knowledge for practical applications and future research endeavors.

本研究探讨了薄复合板和厚复合板的冲击行为，深入了解了它们在冲击能量增加时的行为。薄复合材料试样表现出有限的表面损伤耐受性，而较厚的板材虽然表面完好无损，但却遭受了内部损伤，对其抗压负载能力产生了不利影响。研究结果表明，冲击能量与凹痕深度、底面基质分裂和内部脱层等关键测量值之间存在紧密的相关性。此外，研究还发现了一种一致的损伤起始模式，表明无论冲击能量如何增加，基体开裂和分层的起始时间都保持相对稳定，强调了损伤起始的可预测性。冲击后的压缩研究表明，薄复合材料和厚复合材料的反应截然不同。薄复合材料在最终失效前表现出整体屈曲，随着损伤的加剧，峰值承载能力逐渐降低。与此相反，厚复合材料在冲击能量较高时遭受严重破坏和分层，导致剩余抗压承载能力大幅下降，最高达 60%。该研究引入了一个简化的准静态模型，以捕捉分层对面板对低速冲击响应的影响。这项研究极大地促进了对复合材料冲击行为的理解，为实际应用和未来研究工作提供了重要知识。

Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids

Mapping deformation and dissipation during fracture of soft viscoelastic solid

Yuan Qi, Xueyu Li, Sairam Pamulaparthi Venkata, Xingwei Yang, Tao Lin Sun, Chung-Yuen Hui, Jian Ping Gong, Rong Long

doi:10.1016/j.jmps.2024.105595

绘制软粘弹性固体断裂过程中的变形和耗散图

Energy dissipation around a propagating crack is the primary mechanism for the enhanced fracture toughness in viscoelastic solids. Such dissipation is spatially non-uniform and is highly coupled to the crack propagation process due to the history-dependent nature of viscoelasticity. We present an experimental approach to map the dissipation field during crack propagation in soft viscoelastic solid. Specifically, we track randomly distributed tracer particles to measure the evolving deformation field. The measured deformation field is then put into a nonlinear constitutive model to determine the dissipation field. Our methodology was used to investigate the deformation and dissipation fields around a propagating crack in a Polyampholyte (PA) hydrogel. The deformation field measurements allowed us to assess whether the commonly assumed translational invariance in viscoelastic fracture theories holds true in practical experiments. Furthermore, by combining the obtained deformation fields with a nonlinear viscoelastic model, we captured the complete history of the dissipation field during crack propagation. We found that dissipation occurred even at material points that are a few millimeters away from the crack tip. The mapped dissipation field also enabled the separate determination of the intrinsic and dissipative components of fracture toughness for the viscoelastic hydrogel.

传播裂纹周围的能量耗散是粘弹性固体断裂韧性增强的主要机制。由于粘弹性的历史依赖性，这种耗散在空间上是不均匀的，并且与裂纹扩展过程高度耦合。我们提出了一种绘制软粘弹性固体裂纹扩展过程中耗散场的实验方法。具体来说，我们通过追踪随机分布的示踪粒子来测量不断变化的变形场。然后将测量到的变形场放入非线性构成模型中，以确定耗散场。我们的方法被用于研究聚酰胺（PA）水凝胶中传播裂缝周围的变形场和耗散场。通过变形场测量，我们可以评估粘弹性断裂理论中通常假设的平移不变性在实际实验中是否成立。此外，通过将获得的变形场与非线性粘弹性模型相结合，我们捕捉到了裂纹扩展过程中耗散场的完整历史。我们发现，即使在距离裂纹尖端几毫米远的材料点也会发生耗散。通过绘制耗散场图，还能分别确定粘弹性水凝胶断裂韧性的内在和耗散成分。

International Journal of Plasticity

Multi-interface migration mechanism induced by carbide precipitation during the quenching-partitioning-tempering process in a high-carbon steel

Hongqing Zheng, Jiazhi Zhang, Xunwei Zuo, Yonghua Rong, Jianfeng Wan, Nailu Chen

doi:10.1016/j.ijplas.2024.103928

高碳钢淬火-分区-回火过程中碳化物析出诱发的多界面迁移机制

Phase-field finite element (PFFE) modeling of the quenching-partitioning-tempering (Q-P-T) process is proposed, and the two-dimensional PFFE-QPT model considering carbide precipitation and the interface migration between martensite and austenite is used to investigate microstructural evolution and the elastic/plastic strain distribution at quenching, partitioning and tempering stages in a high-carbon steel, respectively. The simulation results of the high carbon Q-P-T steel indicate that the precipitation strengthening of carbides occurs not only because they can block the movement of dislocations, but also because they can produce high internal stress. Meanwhile, the volume fractions of different phases (including primary martensite, retained austenite, secondary martensite, and carbide) and the carbon content in retained austenite predicted by the PFFE-QPT model are slightly better than those predicted by the novel one-dimensional QPT-LE (local equilibrium) model and much closer to experimental values. The PFFE-QPT model is also used to successfully predict the volume fractions of different phases in low-carbon and medium-carbon Q-P-T steels. More importantly, the microstructural morphologies closely related to mechanical properties can be demonstrated by the PFFE-QPT model and are comparable with the experimental observation. Therefore, the PFFE-QPT model will be a more powerful tool for guiding the process and microstructure design of Q-P-T steels compared with the QPT-LE model.

提出了淬火-分区-回火（Q-P-T）过程的相场有限元（PFFE）模型，并使用考虑碳化物析出以及马氏体和奥氏体之间界面迁移的二维 PFFE-QPT 模型分别研究了高碳钢在淬火、分区和回火阶段的微观结构演变和弹性/塑性应变分布。高碳 Q-P-T 钢的模拟结果表明，碳化物的析出强化不仅是因为它们能阻止位错运动，还因为它们能产生高内应力。同时，PFFE-QPT 模型预测的不同相（包括原始马氏体、残余奥氏体、二次马氏体和碳化物）的体积分数和残余奥氏体中的碳含量略好于新型一维 QPT-LE（局部平衡）模型的预测值，且更接近实验值。PFFE-QPT 模型还可用于成功预测低碳和中碳 Q-P-T 钢中不同相的体积分数。更重要的是，PFFE-QPT 模型可以证明与力学性能密切相关的微观结构形态，并且与实验观察结果相当。因此，与 QPT-LE 模型相比，PFFE-QPT 模型将成为指导 Q-P-T 钢工艺和微观结构设计的更有力工具。

Thin-Walled Structures

Dynamic responses of steady-state transition structures under impact loading

Wenxiao Li, Mohammed El Hoseny, Jianxun Ma

doi:10.1016/j.tws.2024.111761

稳态过渡结构在冲击荷载下的动态响应

Advancements in materials science and mechanical system have spurred widespread investigation into non-traditional structures. In particular, engineers have shown interest in steady-state transition structures with phase transition properties. In this paper, a three-dimensional steady-state transition structure was established using the genetic algorithm and three-dimensional expansion, on which the low-velocity impact tests were carried out. Force response and energy absorption of the steady-state transition structures under impact were studied. From the force response and energy absorption curves, it can be seen that the steady-state transition structures absorb and store portion of impact energy temporarily, gradually releasing it after impact peak. This unique energy behavior results in a steady state transition structure with a long impact response time and a low peak impact force under impact. In addition, investigation into energy transfer within these structures reveals that energy oscillations occur among multilayered bistable surfaces during steady-state transitions, further improving the energy dissipation. Further, the dynamic response and damage modes of the honeycomb structure and the steady state transition structure were compared, showing that the damage mode of the steady state transition structure under the impact is an overall damage, in contrast to the penetration damage of the honeycomb structure. Notably, the steady-state transition structures showcase a higher proportion of elastic strain energy during impacts, effectively delaying structural damage onset, and dispersing impact energy, thus enhancing impact resistance. In light of these findings, the demonstrated behavior of steady-state transition structures in absorbing and dissipating impact energy showcases their potential as promising avenues for the development of more effective impact protection strategies.

材料科学和机械系统的进步推动了对非传统结构的广泛研究。特别是，工程师们对具有相变特性的稳态过渡结构表现出了浓厚的兴趣。本文利用遗传算法和三维展开建立了三维稳态过渡结构，并在此基础上进行了低速冲击试验。研究了稳态过渡结构在冲击下的力响应和能量吸收。从力响应和能量吸收曲线可以看出，稳态过渡结构暂时吸收并储存了部分冲击能量，并在冲击峰值后逐渐释放。这种独特的能量行为使得稳态过渡结构在冲击下具有较长的冲击响应时间和较低的冲击力峰值。此外，对这些结构内部能量传递的研究表明，在稳态转换过程中，多层双稳态表面之间会发生能量振荡，从而进一步提高了能量耗散效果。此外，还比较了蜂窝结构和稳态过渡结构的动态响应和破坏模式，结果表明稳态过渡结构在冲击下的破坏模式是整体破坏，与蜂窝结构的穿透破坏形成鲜明对比。值得注意的是，稳态过渡结构在冲击过程中显示出更高比例的弹性应变能，有效延缓了结构损伤的发生，分散了冲击能量，从而增强了抗冲击能力。鉴于这些发现，稳态过渡结构在吸收和消散冲击能量方面的表现展示了其作为开发更有效冲击防护策略的潜在途径的潜力。

来源：复合材料力学仿真Composites FEM

【新文速递】2024年2月18日复合材料SCI期刊最新文章

今日更新：Composite Structures 1 篇，Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 2 篇，Composites Part B: Engineering 1 篇，Composites Science and Technology 1 篇Composite StructuresOn the nonlinear dynamics and flutter response of hybrid shape memory alloy composite beamsQianlong Zhang, Fabio Semperlottidoi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2024.117973论混合形状记忆合金复合梁的非线性动力学和扑动响应This study presents a theoretical and numerical investigation of the dynamic response of a hybrid SMA composite beam. Particular emphasis is given to the evaluation of the equivalent damping, the aeroelastic stability, and the possibility to tune the composite’s dynamics by means of pre-strain applied locally to the SMA layers. The model of the hybrid composite beam (HCB) accounts for both the material nonlinearity associated with the phase transformation of the SMA and the geometric nonlinearity (in the von Kármán sense) due to potentially large displacements. The nonlinear governing equations of the HCB are solved by the finite element method and the dynamic behavior of the HCB is assessed for different design parameters, such as thickness, position, and pre-strain level of the SMA layers. Results help understand the role played by the different design parameters in improving the dynamic characteristics of the HCB, with particular attention to effective damping. Furthermore, it is of particular interest to understand the aeroelastic stability of hybrid layered composites due to their widespread applications in aerospace engineering. A simplified model of the nonlinear flutter response of the HCB under supersonic flow conditions is presented and analyzed with particular emphasis on bifurcations and limit cycle oscillations.本研究对混合 SMA 复合梁的动态响应进行了理论和数值研究。其中特别强调了对等效阻尼、气动弹性稳定性的评估，以及通过在 SMA 层局部施加预应变来调整复合材料动态响应的可能性。混合复合梁（HCB）模型考虑了与 SMA 相变相关的材料非线性以及潜在大位移导致的几何非线性（von Kármán）。采用有限元法求解 HCB 的非线性控制方程，并根据不同的设计参数（如 SMA 层的厚度、位置和预应变水平）评估 HCB 的动态行为。研究结果有助于了解不同设计参数在改善 HCB 动态特性方面的作用，尤其是有效阻尼。此外，由于混合层状复合材料在航空航天工程中的广泛应用，了解它们的气动弹性稳定性尤其重要。本文提出并分析了混合层状复合材料在超音速流动条件下的非线性扑翼响应简化模型，并特别强调了分岔和极限循环振荡。Composites Part A: Applied Science and ManufacturingPreparation of a water-based carboxylated Poly(phthalazione ether nitrile) sizing agent for interfacial reinforcement of CF/PPESK compositesHeming Wang, Shan Cheng, Jingyao Feng, Qingguang Bao, Jiangang Liu, Bing Wang, Binlin Jiang, Zaiyu Wang, Nan Li, Xigao Jiandoi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108091制备用于 CF/PPESK 复合材料界面加固的水基羧基聚（酞嗪醚腈）施胶剂This study focuses on synthesizing a range of hydrolysis-modified poly(phthalazione ether nitrile) polymers with different quantities of carboxyl groups (HPPEN-COOH). These polymers are intended to enhance the bonding strength between carbon fibers (CFs) and poly(phthalazine ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK). The chemical structure of HPPEN-COOH was elucidated using FTIR spectroscopy, and the presence of HPPEN-COOH as a coating on the CFs surface was confirmed by XPS analysis. Compared with the UCF/PPESK composite, the interlaminar shear strength of the CF-5/PPESK composite increased by 39%. In the DMA test, the service temperature and storage modulus of the CF-5/PPESK composite were increased to 268°C and 112 GPa, respectively. Furthermore, the composite showed satisfactory performance in hydrothermal aging studies. This method is simple and easy to implement, has the potential for large-scale industrial production, and is an environmentally friendly method to improve the interface properties of the CF/PPESK composite.本研究的重点是合成一系列具有不同数量羧基（HPPEN-COOH）的水解改性聚（酞嗪醚腈）聚合物。这些聚合物旨在增强碳纤维（CF）与聚（酞嗪醚砜酮）（PPESK）之间的粘合强度。利用傅立叶变换红外光谱阐明了 HPPEN-COOH 的化学结构，并通过 XPS 分析证实了 HPPEN-COOH 作为涂层存在于碳纤维表面。与 UCF/PPESK 复合材料相比，CF-5/PPESK 复合材料的层间剪切强度提高了 39%。在 DMA 测试中，CF-5/PPESK 复合材料的使用温度和储存模量分别提高到 268°C 和 112 GPa。此外，该复合材料在水热老化研究中也表现出令人满意的性能。该方法简单易行，具有大规模工业化生产的潜力，是一种改善 CF/PPESK 复合材料界面性能的环保方法。A novel phosphorus/nitrogen-containing vinyl imidazolium ionic liquid for improving flame retardancy and mechanical properties of vinyl ester resin, and its carbon fiber compositesZeqi Zhang, Xue Bi, Wenchao Zhang, Rongjie Yangdoi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108092 一种新型含磷/氮乙烯基咪唑离子液体，用于改善乙烯基酯树脂及其碳纤维复合材料的阻燃性和机械性能In daily life, the application of vinyl ester resin (VER) and its carbon fiber composites is limited by their flame retardancy and mechanical properties. In this work, we synthesized an ionic liquid, VIDHP, from diethyl hydroxymethyl phosphate (DHP) and 1-vinylimidazole (VIM). VIDHP can not only cross-links with VER but also enhances the interaction between the resin and the carbon fiber. The flame retardancy and mechanical properties of VER and its carbon fiber composites were effectively improved by the addition of VIDHP. In particular, the addition of 15 wt% VIDHP increased the flexural strength and flexural modulus of the carbon fiber composites by 29.3 % and 42.4 %, while reducing the total heat release and total smoke release by 15.4 % and 18.4 %. The flame retardant mechanism of VIDHP was also investigated. This approach provides a new idea to improve the flame retardant and mechanical properties of VER and its carbon fiber composites.在日常生活中，乙烯基酯树脂（VER）及其碳纤维复合材料的应用因其阻燃性和机械性能而受到限制。在这项工作中，我们用羟甲基磷酸二乙酯（DHP）和 1-乙烯基咪唑（VIM）合成了一种离子液体 VIDHP。VIDHP 不仅能与 VER 交联，还能增强树脂与碳纤维之间的相互作用。通过添加 VIDHP，VER 及其碳纤维复合材料的阻燃性和机械性能得到了有效改善。特别是，添加 15 wt% 的 VIDHP 后，碳纤维复合材料的抗弯强度和抗弯模量分别提高了 29.3% 和 42.4%，而总放热量和总释烟量则分别降低了 15.4% 和 18.4%。此外，还研究了 VIDHP 的阻燃机理。这种方法为提高 VER 及其碳纤维复合材料的阻燃性和机械性能提供了新思路。Composites Part B: EngineeringWinding pattern design of composite cylinders considering the effect of fiber stackingYuchen Dai, Chuanxiang Zheng, Jiao Lin, Yangtao Liu, Dawei Wang, Jinjie Ludoi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.111306考虑纤维堆叠效应的复合材料圆柱体缠绕模式设计Winding pattern design is a critical step in the production of composite cylinders. Traditional design methods often overlook the impact of stacking fibers layer by layer, leading to deviations between the actual and intended winding trajectories. To ensure consistence between the actual winding outcomes and design objectives, the effect of fiber stacking on the winding patterns was examined in this study. Two winding pattern design methods were proposed: the fixed tangent-point method (FTPM) and the minimum center angle deviation method (MCADM). A comparison was conducted on the variations in the number of tangent points, thread guide round trips, and the radius of the polar hole under the two different methods. Winding experiments were then employed to verify the feasibility of these approaches. The results showed that fiber stacking on the dome was the main reason for the change in winding patterns. Priority can be given to schemes within the design overlap domain for the design of multi-layer winding patterns. While FTPM ensures consistent fiber coverage and tape spacing, it may lead to hole expansion. Additionally, applying multiple layers can alter the dome's shape significantly from the original design. In contrast, MCADM offers slightly variable fiber coverage and spacing without causing hole expansion, achieving the desired dome shape more accurately.缠绕模式设计是生产复合材料圆筒的关键步骤。传统的设计方法往往会忽略纤维逐层堆叠的影响，从而导致实际缠绕轨迹与预期缠绕轨迹之间出现偏差。为确保实际缠绕结果与设计目标保持一致，本研究探讨了纤维堆叠对缠绕模式的影响。研究提出了两种卷绕模式设计方法：固定切点法（FTPM）和最小中心角偏差法（MCADM）。比较了两种不同方法下切线点数量、导线往返次数和极孔半径的变化。然后通过缠绕实验来验证这些方法的可行性。结果表明，穹顶上的纤维堆叠是造成缠绕模式变化的主要原因。在设计多层缠绕模式时，可优先考虑设计重叠域内的方案。虽然 FTPM 可确保一致的纤维覆盖率和带间距，但它可能会导致孔扩大。此外，应用多层缠绕会大大改变圆顶的形状，使其与原始设计大相径庭。相比之下，MCADM 可提供略微可变的纤维覆盖范围和间距，而不会导致孔扩展，从而更精确地实现所需的圆顶形状。Composites Science and TechnologyMesoscale modeling of woven composite twisted structures combining digital element embedded model and affine transformZengfei Liu, Jingran Ge, Hao Li, Xiaodong Liu, Bing Wang, Jun Liangdoi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110504 结合数字元素嵌入模型和仿射变换的编织复合扭曲结构中尺度建模The mesoscale model with realistic yarn geometries could improve the accuracy of property prediction of woven composite structures. This paper aims to propose a novel mesoscale modeling method for the woven composite twisted structures. Firstly, the torsional deformation of the yarns in the unit cell model is simulated with high-fidelity using digital element fibers embedded into the matrix solid meshes. Then, the solid geometry model of the twisted composite structures is reconstructed from the digital element deformation model by combining the affine transforms. Finally, the elastic responses of the twisted composite structure under cantilever loading are predicted by assigning the element information of the established mesoscale model to the macroscale model. It is shown that the geometric morphology and predicted mechanical responses of the high-fidelity model are consistent with the experimental results. Furthermore, the effect of twist angles on the stiffness properties of the twisted composite structures is analyzed using the presented numerical method. The proposed digital modeling method could provide a guide for the early design of woven composite structures.具有真实纱线几何形状的中尺度模型可以提高编织复合材料结构性能预测的准确性。本文旨在针对编织复合材料加捻结构提出一种新的中尺度建模方法。首先，利用嵌入基体实体网格中的数字元素纤维高保真地模拟了单元格模型中纱线的扭转变形。然后，结合仿射变换从数字元素变形模型重建扭曲复合结构的实体几何模型。最后，通过将已建立的中尺度模型的元素信息分配到宏观模型中，预测扭曲复合材料结构在悬臂载荷作用下的弹性响应。结果表明，高保真模型的几何形态和预测的力学响应与实验结果一致。此外，还利用所提出的数值方法分析了扭曲角度对扭曲复合材料结构刚度特性的影响。所提出的数字建模方法可为编织复合材料结构的早期设计提供指导。来源：复合材料力学仿真Composites FEM