【新文速递】2024年3月7日复合材料SCI期刊最新文章

   

今日更新：Composite Structures 1 篇，Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing 5 篇，Composites Part B: Engineering 1 篇，Composites Science and Technology 1 篇

Composite Structures

A strength optimization approach for manufacturable 3D printed variable stiffness laminates with a strain-based approximation

Zhi Hong, Yi Xiong, Ke Liang, Congze Fan, Yujie Guo

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2024.117999

基于应变近似的可制造 3D 打印可变刚度层压板强度优化方法

The 3D printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are promising lightweight structures with outstanding mechanical performance. In this work, we propose a structure-manufacture integrated optimization approach for strength maximization of variable stiffness 3D printed CFRP composites by tailoring the steered printing paths. The rule of mixture is modified to evaluate material properties and strength of the printed laminates considering the effect of fiber volume fraction. To make this approach applicable to CFRP with asymmetric layups, a strain-based two-level convex approximation for the failure index based on the Tsai–Wu failure criterion is proposed, which can take the tension-bending coupling effect into consideration. The local failure indices are aggregated using the p-norm formula to reduce the size of the strength optimization model. In order to guarantee the manufacturability of the optimal design, the curvature of the steered printing fiber paths is constrained using a hybrid control method within the approach. The numerical cases show that the strength enhancement of the 3D printed variable stiffness laminates depends on the load, where an improvement between 35% and 46% can be achieved under the tension. Moreover, the proposed method can not only converge stably, but also be capable of optimizing structures with complex geometry.

三维打印连续碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）是一种具有出色机械性能的轻质结构，前景广阔。在这项工作中，我们提出了一种结构-制造集成优化方法，通过调整转向打印路径，实现可变刚度 3D 打印 CFRP 复合材料的强度最大化。考虑到纤维体积分数的影响，对混合规则进行了修改，以评估打印层压板的材料性能和强度。为使这一方法适用于非对称铺层的 CFRP，提出了基于应变的两级凸近似失效指数，该近似基于蔡-吴失效准则，可将拉伸-弯曲耦合效应考虑在内。利用 p-norm 公式对局部失效指数进行聚合，以减小强度优化模型的大小。为了保证优化设计的可制造性，在该方法中使用混合控制方法对转向印刷纤维路径的曲率进行了约束。数值案例表明，3D 打印可变刚度层压板的强度提高取决于载荷，在拉力作用下，可提高 35% 至 46% 的强度。此外，所提出的方法不仅能稳定收敛，还能优化具有复杂几何形状的结构。

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Strength-ductility synergy in a novel carbon nanotube-high entropy alloy co-reinforced aluminum matrix composite

Y.Z. Peng, X. You, C.J. Li, C.M.Y. Yang, Z.Y. Xu, Q. Lu, G.Y. Xu, Y.R. Wang, Z.X. Feng, R. Bao, Y.C. Liu, J.H. Yi

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108116

 

新型碳纳米管-高熵合金共增强铝基复合材料的强度-电导率协同作用

Here we present a novel design strategy for the manufacturing carbon nanotube (CNT)-high entropy alloy (HEA) particles co-reinforced aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) with heterogeneous structures. This strategy involves in situ synthesis of CNTs@HEA hybrid reinforcement. The results demonstrate that the fabricated CNTs@HEA/Al composites have bimodal grain structure and nano-reinforced particle spatial distribution. The dispersion of CNTs within the Al matrix was achieved via the transport of micron-sized HEA particles. Simultaneously, the formation of Al4C3 and Cr7C3 occurred at the HEA/CNTs/Al interface, thereby augmenting the load-bearing capacity of CNTs. The enhanced strength of CNTs@HEA/Al composites is mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of load transfer, back stress strengthening, Orowan strengthening, grain refinements and stacking faults (SFs) strengthening. Moreover, the bimodal grains and SFs of the composite contribute sustained strain hardening, resulting in satisfactory tensile ductility.

在此，我们提出了一种制造具有异质结构的碳纳米管（CNT）-高熵合金（HEA）颗粒共增强铝基复合材料（AMC）的新型设计策略。该策略包括原位合成 CNTs@HEA 混合增强体。结果表明，制备的 CNTs@HEA/Al 复合材料具有双峰晶粒结构和纳米增强粒子空间分布。CNTs 在铝基体中的分散是通过微米级 HEA 粒子的传输实现的。同时，在 HEA/CNTs/Al 界面形成了 Al4C3 和 Cr7C3，从而增强了 CNTs 的承载能力。CNTs@HEA/Al 复合材料强度的提高主要归因于载荷传递、背应力强化、奥罗恩强化、晶粒细化和堆叠断层（SFs）强化的协同效应。此外，复合材料的双峰晶粒和 SFs 还有助于持续的应变硬化，从而获得令人满意的拉伸延展性。

Impact of flax fibre micro-structural features on composite damage observed through micro-CT characterisation

Elouan Guillou, Andrew King, Jonathan Perrin, Henry Proudhon, Timm Weitkamp, Darshil U. Shah, Alexandre Beigbeder, Pierre Ouagne, Alain Bourmaud

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108118

 

通过显微 CT 表征观察亚麻纤维微观结构特征对复合材料损伤的影响

To exploit the potential of flax fibres in reinforcing polymers, the performance of flax fibres must first be understood and then optimized. In this context, this paper aims to provide a visual and comprehensive description of the impact flax fibre micro-structural features, such as kink bands, porosity and cortical residues, have on damage evolution during tensile loading of Polylactic acid (PLA) matrix composites reinforced by flax fibres. In-situ synchrotron radiation computed tomography (SRCT) has been used for 3D visualisation of microstructural evolution at stress levels between 10% and 90% of the ultimate failure stress. First, the main defects of the overall microstructure are described, including a quantitative analysis of porosities. Then, novel visual insights, highlighting the main role of kink-bands in fibre failure and subsequent composite breakage, are described. Interestingly, it appears that for the flax/PLA composite studied, kink-band inter-distances are consistently smaller than critical fibre lengths, explaining the likelihood of rupture in kink-band regions. These findings demonstrate that fibre extraction and subsequent textile reinforcement manufacturing are critical steps and should be optimised to increase the performances of natural fibre composites.

要挖掘亚麻纤维在增强聚合物中的潜力，首先必须了解亚麻纤维的性能，然后对其进行优化。在此背景下，本文旨在直观、全面地描述亚麻纤维的微观结构特征，如扭结带、孔隙率和皮质残留物，对亚麻纤维增强的聚乳酸（PLA）基复合材料在拉伸加载过程中的损伤演变产生的影响。原位同步辐射计算机断层扫描（SRCT）用于三维可视化应力水平在极限破坏应力的 10% 到 90% 之间时的微结构演变。首先，描述了整体微观结构的主要缺陷，包括对孔隙率的定量分析。然后，描述了新颖的视觉洞察力，强调了扭结带在纤维失效和随后的复合材料断裂中的主要作用。有趣的是，在所研究的亚麻/聚乳酸复合材料中，扭结带的间距始终小于临界纤维长度，这就解释了在扭结带区域发生断裂的可能性。这些发现表明，纤维提取和随后的织物增强制造是关键步骤，应加以优化，以提高天然纤维复合材料的性能。

Preparation of deep eutectic solvents based on metal ions and their influences on reinforcement and strain softening behaviors of silica filled natural rubber nanocomposites

Qiao Li, Benteng Liu, Zhaopeng Hu, Xin Jiang, Li Yang, Hongda Meng, Yihu Song, Qiang Zheng

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108119

 

基于金属离子的深共晶溶剂的制备及其对二氧化硅填充天然橡胶纳米复合材料的补强和应变软化行为的影响

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are used as green additives to reduce zinc oxide (ZnO) activator usages and prepare volatile organic compounds-free nanocomposites. Herein highly active DESs containing different metal ions (Zn2+, Sn2+, Mg2+ and Fe3+) are introduced into silica filled natural rubber (NR) nanocomposites for regulating the network structure of rubber matrix and tailoring elasticity, strength and softening behaviors of the nanocomposites. The results show that DESs react with proteins in NR, which introduces hydrogen bonding between DESs and non-rubber components in the crosslinked network. DES can improve dispersion of silica and enhance the interfacial interaction between silica and NR. In comparison with NR nanocomposites containing 2 phr (part per hundred parts of rubber) ZnO, the partial replacement of ZnO with DESs can not only improve vulcanization rate, tensile strength and crosslinking density but also weaken the Mullins effect by reducing dissipation and softening energy densities. Normalization of tensile deformation energy density reveals that stress and softening behaviors are related to crosslinking density of NR and strain amplification effect induced by silica. The investigation is enlightening for mediating the reinforcement and strain softening behaviors and paving the way for manufacture high-performance NR nanocomposites in an energy-saving efficient and ecofriendly approach.

深共晶溶剂（DES）是一种绿色添加剂，可减少氧化锌（ZnO）活化剂的用量并制备不含挥发性有机化合物的纳米复合材料。本文将含有不同金属离子（Zn2+、Sn2+、Mg2+ 和 Fe3+）的高活性 DESs 引入到白炭黑填充的天然橡胶（NR）纳米复合材料中，以调节橡胶基体的网络结构并定制纳米复合材料的弹性、强度和软化行为。研究结果表明，DES 会与 NR 中的蛋白质发生反应，从而在 DES 与交联网络中的非橡胶成分之间产生氢键。DES 可以改善二氧化硅的分散性，增强二氧化硅与 NR 之间的界面相互作用。与含有 2 phr（每百分之一橡胶）氧化锌的 NR 纳米复合材料相比，用 DESs 部分替代氧化锌不仅可以提高硫化速度、拉伸强度和交联密度，还可以通过降低耗散和软化能量密度来削弱 Mullins 效应。拉伸变形能量密度的归一化表明，应力和软化行为与 NR 的交联密度和二氧化硅诱导的应变放大效应有关。该研究对于调解增强和应变软化行为具有启发性，并为以节能高效和生态友好的方法制造高性能 NR 纳米复合材料铺平了道路。

Layer-by-layer nanoarchitectonics of graphene/polybenzimidazole functional composite film with excellent photo-thermal behavior and low electrical conductivity

Yafang Zhuang, Yifan He, Kun Zheng, Xinyu Cao, Jingnan Zhang, Gang Ye, Yongmei Ma

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108120

具有优异光热行为和低电导率的石墨烯/聚苯并咪唑功能复合薄膜的逐层纳米结构设计

Ice accumulation is considered one of the most severe threats for the safety and performance of transmission equipment, specifically power lines. Prevention of ice accumulation urgently requires photo-thermal materials with excellent photo-thermal and mechanical properties, as well as low electrical conductivity. Such materials can effectively remove ice from high voltage lines without causing electrical breakdown. Here, graphene/polybenzimidazole (GN/PBI) composite film was prepared using a layer-by-layer scraping method. The as-prepared composite film with 2.5 % graphene achieved a temperature as high as 80 ℃ under only 1.0 kW m−2 irradiation and high tensile strength of up to 139 MPa. Moreover, the obtained film maintained good insulating performance with electrical conductivity as low as 10-13 S/cm, even when filled with 5.0 wt% graphene. This work provides a general method for preparing composites with high photo-thermal and mechanical performance, as well as low electrical conductivity.

积冰被认为是对输电设备，特别是输电线路的安全和性能最严重的威胁之一。防止积冰亟需光热材料具有优异的光热和机械性能以及较低的导电率。此类材料可有效清除高压线路上的冰层，同时不会造成电击穿。本文采用逐层刮削法制备了石墨烯/聚苯并咪唑（GN/PBI）复合薄膜。制备的复合薄膜含有 2.5 % 的石墨烯，在仅 1.0 kW m-2 的辐照条件下，温度高达 80 ℃，抗拉强度高达 139 MPa。此外，即使填充了 5.0 wt% 的石墨烯，所获得的薄膜仍能保持良好的绝缘性能，导电率低至 10-13 S/cm。这项工作为制备具有高光热效应和机械性能以及低电导率的复合材料提供了一种通用方法。

Short fibre/unidirectional hybrid thermoplastic composites: Experimental characterisation and digital analysis

James Pheysey, Francesco De Cola, Francisca Martinez-Hergueta

doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108121

短纤维/单向混合热塑性复合材料：实验表征和数字分析

This paper explores the use of compression moulding to produce structural hybrid composites based on short-fibre composites, combining a short-fibre core and uni-directional (UD) skins. A parametric study on processing parameters found low consolidation pressures provided a higher repeatability of the manufacturing process. The best mechanical response of the hybrid laminate was obtained through a 2-step consolidation process due to an increased fibre volume fraction. Despite a moderate 21.5% increase in cost compared to the short fibre material, the hybrid panels showed large increases in mechanical properties with an outstanding increase in flexural modulus of 330.4%. A semi-analytical constitutive model of the short fibre composite was developed to determine the variability in the mechanical response due to the stochastic microstructure. The results predicted a low scatter in strength, compatible with the requirements of structural applications. This study opens the path to the development of sustainable thermoplastic composites from recycled short-fibre compounds.

本文探讨了如何利用压缩成型技术生产基于短纤维复合材料的结构性混合复合材料，将短纤维芯材和单向（UD）表皮结合在一起。对加工参数的参数化研究发现，低固结压力可提高制造过程的可重复性。由于纤维体积分数增加，混合层压板通过两步固结工艺获得了最佳机械响应。尽管与短纤维材料相比，混合板材的成本适度增加了 21.5%，但其机械性能却大幅提高，弯曲模量显著增加了 330.4%。为了确定随机微观结构导致的机械响应变化，开发了短纤维复合材料的半分析构成模型。研究结果表明，这种复合材料的强度差异较小，符合结构应用的要求。这项研究为利用回收短纤维化合物开发可持续热塑性复合材料开辟了道路。

Composites Part B: Engineering

Laser ablation behavior and mechanism of Cf/C–SiC composites under different laser energy densities

Dongjiang Wu, Xintong Cai, Xin Qin, Feng Yang, Renke Kang, Zhigang Dong, Guangyi Ma, Yan Bao, Fangyong Niu

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.111359

 

不同激光能量密度下 Cf/C-SiC 复合材料的激光烧蚀行为与机理

Ceramic matrix composite (CMC) is typical difficult-to-machine material, laser assisted machining (LAM) is an effective method to solve the problem of poor machinability, and a deep understanding of the interaction between laser and material can lay a foundation for LAM. Aiming at the unclear mechanism of microstructure formation, crack propagation and material hardness evolution of laser-irradiated CMC, laser ablation behavior and mechanism of Cf/C–SiC composites under different laser energy densities were studied in this paper. The results show that Cf/C–SiC presents two different states of modification and ablation under irradiating. In modified state, fiber interface in central area is oxidized, and crystal transformation occurs. Amorphous Si–O–C, Si and spherical SiO2 exist in edge deposition area, and continuous phase disappears in heat affected zone. In ablative state, carbon nanosheets and clusters are formed in ablation groove. Surface of convex and deposition area are composed of sedimentary basement and clusters, and there are recast layer and heat affected zone in cross section. When thermal stress exceeds interfacial bond strength and critical matrix stress, the fiber interface debonding and matrix cracking occur, and both transgranular and intergranular fracture exist in the matrix. When laser scanning direction is perpendicular to fiber extension, crack propagation can be inhibited. The propagation and intersection of cracks and coarsening of SiC crystal phase in heat affected zone lead to the decrease of matrix microhardness. The results of this study can be used to provide references for parameters selection and theoretical support for LAM of CMC.

陶瓷基复合材料（CMC）是典型的难加工材料，激光辅助加工（LAM）是解决难加工问题的有效方法，而深入了解激光与材料之间的相互作用可为 LAM 奠定基础。本文针对激光辐照 CMC 的微观结构形成、裂纹扩展和材料硬度演变机理不清的问题，研究了不同激光能量密度下 Cf/C-SiC 复合材料的激光烧蚀行为和机理。结果表明，Cf/C-SiC 在辐照下呈现出两种不同的改性和烧蚀状态。在改性状态下，中心区域的纤维界面被氧化，晶体发生转变。边缘沉积区存在无定形的 Si-O-C、Si 和球状 SiO2，热影响区的连续相消失。在烧蚀状态下，碳纳米片和碳簇在烧蚀槽中形成。凸面和沉积区的表面由沉积基底和团块组成，横截面上有再铸层和热影响区。当热应力超过界面结合强度和临界基体应力时，会出现纤维界面脱粘和基体开裂，基体中同时存在晶间和晶间断裂。当激光扫描方向与纤维延伸方向垂直时，可抑制裂纹扩展。裂纹的扩展和交叉以及热影响区中 SiC 晶相的粗化导致基体显微硬度下降。本研究的结果可为 CMC 的 LAM 参数选择提供参考和理论支持。

Composites Science and Technology

A novel FFT framework with coupled non-local elastic-plastic damage model for the thermomechanical failure analysis of UD-CF/PEEK composites

Bing Wang, Menglei Li, Guodong Fang, Jiqiang Hu, Jinrui Ye, Bing Wang, Songhe Meng

doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110540

 

用于 UD-CF/PEEK 复合材料热力学失效分析的新型 FFT 框架与非局部弹性-塑料损伤耦合模型

A novel FFT-based computational framework for coupling non-local elastic-plastic damage model is proposed in this paper, which is employed to accurately simulate the transverse tensile behaviors of unidirectional (UD) CF/PEEK composite materials under different temperatures. To address the distinct material properties exhibited by different microscopic constituents within the composite, two approaches are employed: (i) an integral-type regularized traction-separation damage model is applied to the interphase debonding, and (ii) an implicit gradient regularization technique for Lemaitre-type damage (matrix cracking) of the PEEK. By coupling the non-local damage model capable of accurately characterizing different failure modes within composites with an FFT computational framework, accurate predictions of the transverse tensile performance of UD-CF/PEEK composites at different temperature conditions can be achieved. Furthermore, the influence of non-local feature parameters and interphase mechanical properties on the composite's mechanical behavior is thoroughly discussed. Comparisons with experimental results affirm the accurate prediction of the transverse tensile behavior of UD-CF/PEEK composites through the proposed computational framework. Ultimately, based on this framework, the transverse tensile modulus and strength of UD-CF/PEEK composites, considering different fiber volume fractions and temperatures, are predicted, successfully demonstrating the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed approach in forecasting the mechanical behavior of composites.

本文提出了一种基于 FFT 的新型计算框架，用于耦合非局部弹塑性损伤模型，并利用该框架精确模拟了单向 (UD) CF/PEEK 复合材料在不同温度下的横向拉伸行为。针对复合材料内部不同微观成分所表现出的不同材料特性，本文采用了两种方法：(i) 对相间脱粘采用积分正则化牵引分离损伤模型；(ii) 对 PEEK 的 Lemaitre 型损伤（基体开裂）采用隐式梯度正则化技术。通过将能够准确描述复合材料内部不同失效模式的非局部损伤模型与 FFT 计算框架相结合，可以准确预测 UD-CF/PEEK 复合材料在不同温度条件下的横向拉伸性能。此外，还深入讨论了非局部特征参数和相间力学性能对复合材料力学行为的影响。通过与实验结果的比较，证实了所提出的计算框架能准确预测 UD-CF/PEEK 复合材料的横向拉伸行为。最终，基于该框架，在考虑不同纤维体积分数和温度的情况下，预测了 UD-CF/PEEK 复合材料的横向拉伸模量和强度，成功证明了所提方法在预测复合材料力学行为方面的有效性和适用性。