今日更新:Composites Part B: Engineering 2 篇,Composites Science and Technology 2 篇
Effect of temperature on high strain-rate damage evolving in CFRP studied by synchrotron-based MHz X-ray phase contrast imaging
Xiyao Sun, David Sory, Kai Liu, Bratislav Lukić, David Simonian, Kwan Lok Wong, Alexander Rack, David Chapman, Nik Petrinic, Daniel Eakins
doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.111445
基于同步辐射的MHz x射线相衬成像研究了温度对CFRP高应变率损伤演变的影响
The present study demonstrates experimental evidence of subsurface mesoscale damage initiation and evolution in angle-ply CFRP laminates under high strain-rate loading at low temperatures using synchrotron-based X-ray MHz radiography. A bespoke set of loading, temperature control and in-situ X-ray imaging systems were applied to simultaneously correlate high strain-rate mechanical response with observed subsurface damage in a time-resolved manner. The results demonstrate that independent of temperature, damage evolved following a specific sequence; firstly intra-ply shear cracking along the fibre direction, developing into multi-layer cracking with continued deformation, and finally culminating in inter-ply delamination and complete failure of the specimen. The timescale for this sequence, however, was observed to strongly depend upon temperature, with low temperatures resulting in more rapid damage evolution and loss of mechanical strength.
本研究利用同步辐射的x射线MHz射线摄影技术证明了低温下高应变率载荷下角层CFRP层合板的地下中尺度损伤发生和演变的实验证据。采用一套定制的加载、温度控制和现场x射线成像系统,同时将高应变率机械响应与观察到的地下损伤以时间分辨的方式联系起来。结果表明,与温度无关,损伤遵循特定的顺序演变;首先沿纤维方向发生层内剪切开裂,发展为多层开裂并持续变形,最终发生层间分层,试件完全破坏。然而,观察到这一序列的时间尺度强烈依赖于温度,低温导致更快的损伤演变和机械强度损失。
Intergranular Amorphous Film in GeO2-Enriched Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 Composite Electrolytes for High-Performance Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries
Seulgi Shin, Sung Hyun Kang, Geon-Hee Kim, Do-yeon Kim, Yong-Jae Jung, Da-Eun Hyun, Jeong-Yeon Kim, Junpyo Hur, Jong Min Yuk, Jungjae Park, Dong-Won Lee, Kyu Hyoung Lee, Woo Hyun Nam, Jung Young Cho, Jong-Min Oh, Hyun-Sik Kim, Jae-Geun Ha, Kyoung-Seok Moon, Weon Ho Shin
doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.111478
高性能固态锂离子电池用富geo2 Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3复合电解质的晶间非晶膜
Solid-state electrolytes have emerged as a key area of development in the field of Li-ion batteries owing to safety concerns surrounding liquid electrolytes. Among solid-state electrolytes, Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 (LATP), a NASICON-type material, is a leading candidate owing to its promising ionic conductivity, chemical and environmental stability, and cost-effectiveness. However, its ionic conductivity is limited by grain-boundary scattering, which hinders its broader adoption. Herein, we introduce a novel grain-boundary engineering strategy for the LATP electrolyte system using typical solid-state method, wherein a Ge-rich liquid phase spontaneously forms at the grain boundaries of GeO2-enriched LATP during synthesis, producing an intergranular amorphous film in the final material that significantly enhances Li-ion transport at the grain boundaries. With an optimal content of 4 wt% GeO2, the ionic conductivity reaches 8.92 × 10−4 S cm−1—an eightfold increase compared to that of pristine LATP. This high ionic conductivity also bestows 4 wt% GeO2-LATP with excellent cell performance, with a symmetric Li/4 wt% GeO2-LATP/Li cell exhibiting stable operation for over 500 h with low overpotentials. Our findings underscore the importance of grain-boundary engineering in advancing solid-state electrolytes and pave the way for the commercialization of next-generation all-solid-state Li-ion batteries.
由于液态电解质的安全性问题,固态电解质已成为锂离子电池领域的一个关键发展领域。在固态电解质中,Li1.5Al0.5Ti1.5(PO4)3 (LATP)是一种nasiconon类型的材料,由于其具有良好的离子电导率,化学和环境稳定性以及成本效益而成为领先的候选者。然而,它的离子电导率受到晶界散射的限制,阻碍了它的广泛应用。在此,我们采用典型的固态方法为LATP电解质体系引入了一种新的晶界工程策略,在合成过程中,富ge2的液相在富含geo2的LATP晶界处自发形成,在最终材料中产生晶间非晶膜,显著增强了晶界处的锂离子输运。当最佳含量为4 wt% GeO2时,离子电导率达到8.92 × 10−4 S cm−1,是原始LATP的8倍。这种高离子电导率也使4 wt% GeO2-LATP具有优异的电池性能,对称的Li/4 wt% GeO2-LATP/Li电池在低过电位下稳定运行超过500小时。我们的发现强调了晶界工程在推进固态电解质方面的重要性,并为下一代全固态锂离子电池的商业化铺平了道路。
Optimising Polyurethane/CNTs Piezoresistive Pressure Sensors by Varying the Modulus of the Polymer Matrix
Sara Naderizadeh, Giovanni Santagiuliana, Afni Restasari, Wei Tu, Emiliano Bilotti, James JC. Busfield
doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110614
通过改变聚合物基体的模量来优化聚氨酯/碳纳米管压阻式压力传感器
Varying the elastic modulus of the thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) matrix on the sensing behaviour of pressure sensors made from TPU/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) elastomeric composites was studied. Piezoresistive sensors have a wide range of applications in wearable devices such as smart shoe insoles. Compounds were prepared using different grades of TPU with various levels of hardness, ranging from 37 to 98 Shore A, using a melt extrusion technique. The percolation threshold of CNTs was about 2 wt.%, with the best sensing performance being at a weight fraction above this, at 2.5 wt.% CNTs. The elastomeric nanocomposites were characterised for their pressure sensing behaviour. Sensors were constructed by assembling the composite films and an interdigitated silver electrode, and their sensing properties were characterised using a voltage divider circuit under cyclical loading. This work evaluates the reference resistor-dependency, test frequency-dependency and the long-term stability under cyclic loading. The results indicate that the polymer modulus has a significant impact on the sensing performance and piezoresistive hysteresis value for each sensor. As the modulus increases, the hysteresis value between loading-unloading is reduced and the sensor displays a much more stable response during longer cyclical loading tests.
研究了改变热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)基体的弹性模量对TPU/碳纳米管(CNTs)弹性体复合材料压力传感器传感性能的影响。压阻式传感器在智能鞋垫等可穿戴设备中有着广泛的应用。采用熔融挤压技术制备了不同等级的TPU,其硬度从37肖尔A到98肖尔A不等。CNTs的渗透阈值约为2 wt.%,在高于此阈值的重量分数处,即2.5 wt.% CNTs时,传感性能最佳。弹性体纳米复合材料具有压力传感特性。通过组装复合薄膜和交错银电极构建传感器,并利用分压电路在周期性负载下表征其传感性能。本工作评估了参考电阻依赖性、测试频率依赖性和循环载荷下的长期稳定性。结果表明,聚合物模量对每个传感器的传感性能和压阻滞回值有显著影响。随着模量的增加,加载-卸载之间的滞后值减小,传感器在长周期加载试验中表现出更稳定的响应。
Morphology-controlled ZnO nanoarrays in situ grown on the basalt fiber surface for improving the interfacial properties of the high-performance thermoplastic composites
Hang Jia, Cheng Liu, Yu Zhang, Yue Qiao, Hongjian Gu, Xi Chen, Wenqi Zhao, Xigao Jian
doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110618
在玄武岩纤维表面原位生长形貌控制的ZnO纳米阵列,以改善高性能热塑性复合材料的界面性能
In this work, a biomimetic root-soil-like interfacial phase structure was constructed to improve the weak interfacial bonding of the fibers and resin based on the mechanical interlocking theory. Unidirectional basalt fiber (BF) reinforced high-temperature resistant thermoplastic poly(phthalazinone ether nitrile ketone) (PPENK, Tg=278 °C) composites with multiscale structures were prepared. By utilizing a whiskerization technique, the zinc oxide nanoarrays (ZnO-NAs) with controllable morphologies grown on the BF surface through a pyrolysis-hydrothermal method. The remarkable field emission properties of the ZnO-NAs allow for visually characterizing the interfacial phase structures. The flexural, interlaminar shear, and interfacial shear strengths of BF-ZnO-PEI-2/PPENK composite were increased by 43%, 65%, and 177%, respectively. Further investigations revealed that the flexural strength retention was 61% at 250°C, respectively. This study introduces a novel and viable approach to enhance the interfacial properties of BF-reinforced high-performance thermoplastic composites and expands their applications within high-temperature environments.
本研究基于机械互锁理论,构建了仿生物根-土界面相结构,以改善纤维与树脂的弱界面粘合。制备了具有多尺度结构的单向玄武岩纤维(BF)增强耐高温热塑性聚(酞嗪酮醚腈酮)(PPENK,Tg=278 ℃)复合材料。利用晶须化技术,通过热解-水热法在 BF 表面生长出形态可控的氧化锌纳米阵列(ZnO-NAs)。ZnO-NAs 具有显著的场发射特性,可以直观地表征界面相结构。BF-ZnO-PEI-2/PPENK 复合材料的弯曲强度、层间剪切强度和界面剪切强度分别提高了 43%、65% 和 177%。进一步的研究表明,250°C 时的抗弯强度保持率分别为 61%。这项研究提出了一种新颖可行的方法来增强 BF 增强高性能热塑性复合材料的界面性能,并拓展了它们在高温环境中的应用。