To fully exploit the potential of SiCp/Al composites in engineering applications, this study aims to investigate their mechanical properties, damage behavior, and constitutive models under dynamic loading conditions. Dynamic compression experiments are carried out for SiCp/Al composites with different particle characteristics (particle volume fraction, particle size) under different loading conditions (strain rate, experimental temperature) using the Split-Hopkinson Pressure Bar (SHPB). The experimental results reveal that particle characteristics and loading conditions significantly impact the flow stress and particle damage evolution of SiCp/Al composites. Additionally, this underscores a pronounced particle size effect in the composites. Therefore, considering the particle reinforcement mechanism, particle damage evolution, and particle size effect exhibited by SiCp/Al composites during dynamic compression, this study proposes a comprehensive dynamic constitutive model based on the Johnson-Cook (J-C) constitutive relationship of the aluminum alloy matrix, shear lag theory, Weibull distribution, Eshelby equivalent inclusion method, and strain gradient plasticity theory. The model can accurately predict the flow stress of SiCp/Al composites under dynamic compression conditions, with a prediction error ranging from 1.18% to 8.79%. Additionally, it can calculate the particle reinforcement ratio, the stress on the particles/matrix, the proportion of particle damage, and the critical particle size for particle reinforcement effect/particle size effect.
Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing
Real-time Bayesian inversion in resin transfer moulding using neural surrogates
M.E. Causon, M.A. Iglesias, M.Y. Matveev, A. Endruweit, M.V. Tretyakov
doi:10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108355
基于神经网络的树脂传递模塑的实时贝叶斯反演
In Resin Transfer Moulding (RTM), local variations in reinforcement properties (porosity and permeability) and the formation of gaps along the reinforcement edges result in non-uniform resin flow patterns, which may cause defects in the produced composite component. The ensemble Kalman inversion (EKI) algorithm has previously been used to invert in-process data to estimate local reinforcement properties. However, implementation of this algorithm in some applications is limited by the requirement to run thousands of computationally expensive resin flow simulations. In this study, a machine learning approach is used to train a surrogate model which can emulate resin flow simulations near-instantaneously. A partition of the flow domain into a low-dimensional representation enables an artificial neural network (ANN) surrogate to make accurate predictions, with a simple architecture. When the ANN is integrated within the EKI algorithm, estimates for local reinforcement permeability and porosity can be achieved in real time, as was verified by virtual and lab experiments. Since EKI utilises the Bayesian framework, estimates are given within confidence intervals and statements can be made on-line regarding the probability of defects within sections of the reinforcement. The proposed framework has shown good predictive capabilities for the set of laboratory experiments and estimates for reinforcement properties were always computed within 1 s
Experimental and numerical studies on the loading rate dependent tensile behavior of carbon fiber/epoxy interfaces
Kai Yan, Zhenyu Jiang, Jianbo Tang, Ximing Xie, Tao Suo
doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.111732
加载速率对碳纤维/环氧树脂界面拉伸性能影响的实验与数值研究
A series of experiments and simulations were performed to explore the effect of the loading rate on the tensile behavior of carbon fiber/epoxy composites interfaces via the fiber bundle tensile method. Varying velocities were used to test the stress‒time and stress‒displacement curves of the samples, and a high-speed camera was used to study the in situ failure behavior of the carbon fiber/epoxy interface. Increasing the loading rate from 5 × 10-6 m/s to 12.0 m/s leds to an increase in the interfacial tensile strength from 6.1 ± 0.9 MPa to 16.4 ± 0.3 MPa, an increase in the interfacial stiffness from 1.58 ± 0.3 N/m to 17.4 ± 3.1 N/m, and a decrease in the fracture displacement from 0.23 ± 0.03 mm to 0.10 ± 0.01 mm. Optical microscopy analysis revealed rougher crack surfaces at higher loading rates. The interface fracture mode transitioned from fiber breakage and pull-out to brittle matrix cracking with increasing loading rate. The finite element method was employed to verify the effectiveness of the fiber bundle tensile method with a split Hopkinson tension bar and study the failure behavior of the interface under dynamic loading. The simulation results showed that the calculated failure stress was 20% lower than the actual value, and the cohesive layer was found to have greater stress at the edge region. This investigation deepens the understanding of the effects of the loading rate on the interfacial tensile behaviors of carbon fiber/epoxy composites.
The effects of wrinkle distributions on the mechanical characteristics of unidirectional glass fiber-reinforced composites
Xuefeng Li, Jingran Ge, Guangchang Chen, Binbin Zhang, Jun Liang
doi:10.1016/j.compscitech.2024.110762
折皱分布对单向玻璃纤维增强复合材料力学特性的影响
Wrinkle defects are major manufacturing defects that can reduce the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites, especially their compressive strength. There are differences in the effects of various wrinkle distributions on compression failure. In this work, unidirectional glass fiber-reinforced samples with different thicknesses and wrinkle distributions were manufactured and tested. The corresponding high-fidelity three-dimensional finite element (FE) models are established and combined with a progressive damage analysis method to reveal compression failure behavior. The accuracy of the FE analysis method is verified by combining experimental results. Then, the parameter analyses are conducted to study the effects of wrinkle distributions on the knockdown in compressive mechanical properties, with some corresponding conclusions drawn. The results indicate that the dependence of compressive strength on various wrinkle distributions can be determined.