HyperWork 2024 -二次开发-Tcl语言-文件处理（11/12）

The following table contains some commonly used Tcl file commands and a summary of their usage. For more in-depth explanations and a complete listing, referred to http://www.tcl.tk/man/ or to a Tcl/Tk handbook.

• file delete 

• Deletes the file named .

• file dirname 

• Returns the parent directory of the file named .

• file exists 

• Check for the existence of the file named name. Returns 1 if the file exists, 0 otherwise.

• file join 

• Joins , , etc. into a new pathname.

• file nativename 

• Returns the platform specific version of the file named .

• file split 

• Splits the file named name into its individual pathname parts.

• open 

• Opens a file named name for reading/writing, depending on the  arguments. Returns the channel ID.

• close 

• Closes .

• gets 

• Reads a line from  and assigns the data to variable .

• puts 

• Writes out  to . If  is not specified, the default output channel is used.

• read 

• Reads all data from .

One item to note is that Unix uses a forward slash / as a directory separator and Windows uses a backward slash \ as a directory separator. The backward slash in Tcl is a special escape character. So on both Windows and Unix, Tcl uses / as the directory separator.

It is possible to convert a filename to the Tcl format. Notice the curly braces around the filename so that the \ character isn’t interpreted as the escape character.

set filename {C:\My_files\readme.txt};
C:\My_files\readme.txt

file join [file nativename $filename];
C:/My_files/readme.txt

While not recommended, it is also possible to escape the \ character for Windows pathnames by using another \ preceding each pathname part.

set filename "C:\\My_files\\readme.txt";
C:\My_files\readme.txt

file join [file nativename $filename];
C:/My_files/readme.txt

If the file readme.txt exists in C:/My_files, the file exists command will return a value of 1.

file exists "C:/My_files/readme.txt";
1

A file can be opened for reading.

set fileID [file open "C:/My_files/readme.txt" r];
puts "$fileID";
Tcl returns the selected fileID.

A file can be opened for reading and writing, truncating the file or creating it if it does not exist.

set fileID [file open "C:/My_files/readme.txt" w+];
puts "$fileID";
Tcl returns the selected fileID.

A file can be opened for reading and writing, appending data to the end of the file.

set fileID [file open "C:/My_files/readme.txt" a+];
puts "$fileID";
Tcl returns the selected fileID.

To support customers that use Japanese file names, the encoding command enables multi-bit characters.

set filename [encoding convertto euc-jp $filename];