满分100分 答题时间:45分钟
一.填空题(每空4分,共36分)
1.常温下空气中声波的传播速度 。
2.声的主要物理量是: 、 ﹑ 。
3.NVH是哪三个单词的英文缩写 ﹑ ﹑ 。
4.1/3倍频程的定义公式 。
5.影响材料隔音效果的主要因素 、 、 。
6.根据GB1495-2002的规定,从2005年1月1日起我国M1类汽车加速行驶车外噪声的限制为 。
72.噪声按照其所含的频率成分划为:白噪声、 ﹑ 。
8.噪声源的叠加必须按照能量叠加的原理进行,请计算两个声压级分别为80、65dB的噪声源叠加后总声压为 。
9.通常我们在做模态试验时要对各响应点进行相干分析,我们认为相干函数越接近 。
二﹑选择题(每题5分,共20分)
1.人耳可听到的声波的最高频率为 。
A.1万Hz B.2万Hz C.5万Hz D.10万Hz
2.车外加速噪声测量时,应读取的声级计
A.有效值 B.瞬时值 C.最大值 D.平均值
3.等响曲线的基准为
A.100Hz B.500Hz C.1000Hz D. 2000Hz
4.在进行倍频程分析时,f下限 = f上限 。
A.1 B.2 C.3 D.1/2
三﹑问答题(每题15分,共30分)
1.模态试验的基本假设是什么?并简述他们的意义?
答:
2.简述传递函数,并从力的平衡方程导出单自由度系统的传递函数?
答:
四. 请翻译成中文。(14分)
It is very important that moving internal components be locked to prevent buzzing or independent motion during testing. This applies to both internal components of accessories being tested, and small external engine and transmission parts not under consideration. Such motion blurs resonance data and provides spurious or confusing information. The normal means for eliminating internal motion are by driving shims between rotating components and the accessory case, or by gluing with hot glue. Both of these methods can have detrimental effects on proper component operation, therefore it is preferable to have disposable accessories for testing. Particular care should be taken to eliminate motion of armatures, rotors, clutches, springs, valves, and fan blades which may have a resonance in the frequency range considered.
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